314
Lemke, P., E.W. Trin~l and K. Hasselmann, 1980: Stochastic dynamie analysis of polar sea iee variability. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10,2100-2120
(3.5)
Lindzen, R.S. and Nigam, S., 1987: On the role of sea surface temperature gradients in foreing low-Ievel winds and convergence in the tropics. J.
Atmos. Sci. 44, 2418-2436 (6.2)
Livezey, R. E., 1985: Statistical analysis of general eirculation model climate simulation sensitivity a~d prediction experiments. J. Atmos. Sci. 42,
1139-1149 (9.1)
Livezey, R. E., 1987: Caveat emptor! The evaluation of skill in climate
predictions. Toward Understanding Climate Change. The J .0. Fletcher Lectures on Problems and Prospects of Climate Analysis and Forecasting. Editor
U. Radok, Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 149-178 (10.1,10.2)
Livezey, R. E. and W. Y. Chen, 1983: Statistical field significance and
its determination by Monte Carlo techniques. Mon. Wea. Rev. 111, 46-59
(6.5, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4)
Lorenz, E. N., 1963: Deterministic nonperiodic fiow. J. Atmos. Sci. 20,
130-141 (14.2)
Lough, J .M., 1986: Tropical Atlantic sea surface temperatures and rainfall
variations in Subsaharan Africa. Mon. Wea. Rev. 114, 561-570 (6.5)
Liu, Q. and C.J .E. Schuurmanns, 1990: The correlation of tropospheric
and stratospheric temperatures and its effects on the detection of climate
changes. Geophys. Res. Lett. 17,1085-1088 (4.4)
Lofgren, G.R. and J .H. Hunt, 1982: Transfer functions. In M.K.
Hughes, P.M. KeHy, J.R. Pilcher and V.C. La Marche, Jr. (Eds.) Climate
from Tree Rings. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 50-56 (5.6)
Luksch, U. and H. von Storch, 1992: Modeling the low-frequency sea
surfaee temperature variability in the North Pacific. J. Climate 5, 893-906
(3.4)
MacCracken, M.C. and H. Moses, 1982: The first detection of carbon
dioxide effects: Workshop Summary, 8-10 June 1981, Harpers Ferry, West
Virginia. Bull. Am. Met. Soc. 63, 1164-1178 (4.4)
Madden, R.A. and P.R. Julian, 1971: Detection of a 40-50 day oscillation in the zonal wind in the tropical Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci. 28, 702-708
(8.2)
Madden, R.A. and V. Ramanathan, 1980: Detecting climate change
due to increasing carbon dioxide. Seience 209, 763-768 (4.4)
Madden, R.A., D.J. Shea, G.W. Branstator, J.J. Tribbia and R.
Weber, 1993: The effects of imperfect spatial and temporal sampling on
estimates of the global mean temperature: Experiments with model and
satellite data. J. Climate 6, 1057-1066 (4.3)
Manabe, S. and K. Bryan, 1969: Climate calculations with a combined
ocean-atmosphere model. J. Atmos. Sei. 26, 786-789 (1.2)
Lemke, P., E.W. Trin~l and K. Hasselmann, 1980: Stochastic dynamie analysis of polar sea iee variability. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10,2100-2120
(3.5)
Lindzen, R.S. and Nigam, S., 1987: On the role of sea surface temperature gradients in foreing low-Ievel winds and convergence in the tropics. J.
Atmos. Sci. 44, 2418-2436 (6.2)
Livezey, R. E., 1985: Statistical analysis of general eirculation model climate simulation sensitivity a~d prediction experiments. J. Atmos. Sci. 42,
1139-1149 (9.1)
Livezey, R. E., 1987: Caveat emptor! The evaluation of skill in climate
predictions. Toward Understanding Climate Change. The J .0. Fletcher Lectures on Problems and Prospects of Climate Analysis and Forecasting. Editor
U. Radok, Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 149-178 (10.1,10.2)
Livezey, R. E. and W. Y. Chen, 1983: Statistical field significance and
its determination by Monte Carlo techniques. Mon. Wea. Rev. 111, 46-59
(6.5, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4)
Lorenz, E. N., 1963: Deterministic nonperiodic fiow. J. Atmos. Sci. 20,
130-141 (14.2)
Lough, J .M., 1986: Tropical Atlantic sea surface temperatures and rainfall
variations in Subsaharan Africa. Mon. Wea. Rev. 114, 561-570 (6.5)
Liu, Q. and C.J .E. Schuurmanns, 1990: The correlation of tropospheric
and stratospheric temperatures and its effects on the detection of climate
changes. Geophys. Res. Lett. 17,1085-1088 (4.4)
Lofgren, G.R. and J .H. Hunt, 1982: Transfer functions. In M.K.
Hughes, P.M. KeHy, J.R. Pilcher and V.C. La Marche, Jr. (Eds.) Climate
from Tree Rings. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 50-56 (5.6)
Luksch, U. and H. von Storch, 1992: Modeling the low-frequency sea
surfaee temperature variability in the North Pacific. J. Climate 5, 893-906
(3.4)
MacCracken, M.C. and H. Moses, 1982: The first detection of carbon
dioxide effects: Workshop Summary, 8-10 June 1981, Harpers Ferry, West
Virginia. Bull. Am. Met. Soc. 63, 1164-1178 (4.4)
Madden, R.A. and P.R. Julian, 1971: Detection of a 40-50 day oscillation in the zonal wind in the tropical Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci. 28, 702-708
(8.2)
Madden, R.A. and V. Ramanathan, 1980: Detecting climate change
due to increasing carbon dioxide. Seience 209, 763-768 (4.4)
Madden, R.A., D.J. Shea, G.W. Branstator, J.J. Tribbia and R.
Weber, 1993: The effects of imperfect spatial and temporal sampling on
estimates of the global mean temperature: Experiments with model and
satellite data. J. Climate 6, 1057-1066 (4.3)
Manabe, S. and K. Bryan, 1969: Climate calculations with a combined
ocean-atmosphere model. J. Atmos. Sei. 26, 786-789 (1.2)