1 Introduction
India is the second largest producer of sugar in the world economy. Sugar also
holds an important position in Indian economy as it is not only providing
employment for around 6 million farmer but it has also created employment
opportunities in industrial sector, and is the second largest agro-based industry next
to textile (Shrivastava et.al. 2011). The total area under sugarcane in India is around
5.01 million hectare and the estimated yield is on an average is around
69,838 kg/ha.
1 Sugarcane is an annual crop and grows in 12–18 months. The
required ideal temperature for sugarcane cultivation is 27 °C and 100–175 cm of
rainfall is ideal required for sugarcane production. Sugarcane is mainly grown in the
tropical and subtropical regions in India.
2 Sugarcane regions in the tropical regions
are Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh. UP, Bihar,
Haryana and Punjab comes under the subtropical region. In India Uttar Pradesh is
the major sugarcane growing state, contributing about 48 % of the area 40 % of the
production, followed by Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
In terms of productivity, Tamil Nadu is on first rank followed by Karnataka and
Maharashtra. Coming to the state scenario, Sugarcane is one of the most important
cash crops in Karnataka grown over an extent of 3.45 lakh hectares spreading in
different ten agro-climatic zones. In the subsequent section, a brief review of the
literature is presented. The third section deals with the data sources followed by
econometric methodology, empirical results and conclusion.
2 Literature Review
This section is dealing with brief review of literature regarding climatic change and
its impact on crop productivity in general and sugarcane in particular, and studies
related to sugarcane yield at global, national and at state level. Study by Easterling
et al., in 2000 reveals that there is increase in the average land and ocean surface
temperatures globally and changing rainfall rates and changing pattern of
rainfall. Chibo Onyeji (1993) suggests that the impact of climate change had
decreased the agricultural productivity in Egypt. Yates and Strzepek (1998)
assessed the integrated impacts of climate change using quadratic programming
sector model and suggested that the change in climate scenarios had a minor impact
on total economic welfare which is the total sum of consumer and producer surplus;
with the major reduction of welfare approximately by around 6 %. Thus, the study
concluded that the smaller food importing countries had a greater risk to climate
change; while impacts can also be associated with changes in local, regional
1
http://eands.dacnet.nic.in/.
2
http://farmer.gov.in/.
390
A.B. Chandran and K.N. Anushree
India is the second largest producer of sugar in the world economy. Sugar also
holds an important position in Indian economy as it is not only providing
employment for around 6 million farmer but it has also created employment
opportunities in industrial sector, and is the second largest agro-based industry next
to textile (Shrivastava et.al. 2011). The total area under sugarcane in India is around
5.01 million hectare and the estimated yield is on an average is around
69,838 kg/ha.
1 Sugarcane is an annual crop and grows in 12–18 months. The
required ideal temperature for sugarcane cultivation is 27 °C and 100–175 cm of
rainfall is ideal required for sugarcane production. Sugarcane is mainly grown in the
tropical and subtropical regions in India.
2 Sugarcane regions in the tropical regions
are Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh. UP, Bihar,
Haryana and Punjab comes under the subtropical region. In India Uttar Pradesh is
the major sugarcane growing state, contributing about 48 % of the area 40 % of the
production, followed by Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
In terms of productivity, Tamil Nadu is on first rank followed by Karnataka and
Maharashtra. Coming to the state scenario, Sugarcane is one of the most important
cash crops in Karnataka grown over an extent of 3.45 lakh hectares spreading in
different ten agro-climatic zones. In the subsequent section, a brief review of the
literature is presented. The third section deals with the data sources followed by
econometric methodology, empirical results and conclusion.
2 Literature Review
This section is dealing with brief review of literature regarding climatic change and
its impact on crop productivity in general and sugarcane in particular, and studies
related to sugarcane yield at global, national and at state level. Study by Easterling
et al., in 2000 reveals that there is increase in the average land and ocean surface
temperatures globally and changing rainfall rates and changing pattern of
rainfall. Chibo Onyeji (1993) suggests that the impact of climate change had
decreased the agricultural productivity in Egypt. Yates and Strzepek (1998)
assessed the integrated impacts of climate change using quadratic programming
sector model and suggested that the change in climate scenarios had a minor impact
on total economic welfare which is the total sum of consumer and producer surplus;
with the major reduction of welfare approximately by around 6 %. Thus, the study
concluded that the smaller food importing countries had a greater risk to climate
change; while impacts can also be associated with changes in local, regional
1
http://eands.dacnet.nic.in/.
2
http://farmer.gov.in/.
390
A.B. Chandran and K.N. Anushree