Glossary of Terms
Certified reference
material
Characterize, to
Chemical analysis
349
A reference material with certified values (specific
uncertainties included) for one or more of its properties that are obtained by special procedures (e.g.
interlaboratory exercises) under the supervision of
a competent, independent organization. Should be
accompanied by comprehensive documentation
(Chap. 3, pp. 107, 114, 120, 130, 134, 142).
To establish distinct features of an object or system
from analytical results. Second level in the information hierarchy of Fig. 1.15 (Chap. I, pp. 7, 23).
To establish the fitness for purpose, reactivity and
macroscopic stability of the interaction or mobility
of components at the microscopic level of the object
of a chemical analysis (Chap. 6, p. 247; Fig. 6.1).
A process by which chemical measurement processes
(CMPs) are used to extract information from objects
or systems (Chap. I, pp. 5, 12, 14,34; Box 1.12).
Classical analysis. A type of qualitative and quantitative analysis based on chemical reactions in solution and involving the use of human senses for
identification and a balance or burette for quantitation (Chap. I, pp. 6, 30, 35).
Instrumental analysis. A type of qualitative, quantitative and structural analysis based on the use of
instruments other than the balance, burette and
human senses (Chap. 1, pp. 6, 30, 31, 35).
Macro analysis. A type of chemical analysis where the
initial size of the sample aliquot subjected to the CMP
is greater than 100 mg (Chap. I, p. 32; Fig. 1.23).
Micro analysis. A type of chemical analysis where the
initial size of the sample aliquot subjected to the CMP
ranges from 10 to 1 mg (Chap. 1, p. 32; Fig. 1.23).
Qualitative analysis. A type of chemical analysis by
which the analyte or analytes in a sample are
identified. The result is a YES/NO binary response
(Chap. 5, pp. 201-203, 208-210, 212-218, 220, 225,
229,230,234,236,240 - 242,244,245).
Quantitative analysis. A type of chemical analysis by
which the proportion or amount of each analyte in a
sample is determined. The result is a numerical
response (Chap. I, pp. 28 - 30; Chap. 6, p. 247 - 250,
253,276-279,282).
Structural analysis. A type of chemical analysis by
which the structure of a sample (viz. the spatial
distribution of its constituents) or a pure analyte is
established (Chap. I, p. 29).
Certified reference
material
Characterize, to
Chemical analysis
349
A reference material with certified values (specific
uncertainties included) for one or more of its properties that are obtained by special procedures (e.g.
interlaboratory exercises) under the supervision of
a competent, independent organization. Should be
accompanied by comprehensive documentation
(Chap. 3, pp. 107, 114, 120, 130, 134, 142).
To establish distinct features of an object or system
from analytical results. Second level in the information hierarchy of Fig. 1.15 (Chap. I, pp. 7, 23).
To establish the fitness for purpose, reactivity and
macroscopic stability of the interaction or mobility
of components at the microscopic level of the object
of a chemical analysis (Chap. 6, p. 247; Fig. 6.1).
A process by which chemical measurement processes
(CMPs) are used to extract information from objects
or systems (Chap. I, pp. 5, 12, 14,34; Box 1.12).
Classical analysis. A type of qualitative and quantitative analysis based on chemical reactions in solution and involving the use of human senses for
identification and a balance or burette for quantitation (Chap. I, pp. 6, 30, 35).
Instrumental analysis. A type of qualitative, quantitative and structural analysis based on the use of
instruments other than the balance, burette and
human senses (Chap. 1, pp. 6, 30, 31, 35).
Macro analysis. A type of chemical analysis where the
initial size of the sample aliquot subjected to the CMP
is greater than 100 mg (Chap. I, p. 32; Fig. 1.23).
Micro analysis. A type of chemical analysis where the
initial size of the sample aliquot subjected to the CMP
ranges from 10 to 1 mg (Chap. 1, p. 32; Fig. 1.23).
Qualitative analysis. A type of chemical analysis by
which the analyte or analytes in a sample are
identified. The result is a YES/NO binary response
(Chap. 5, pp. 201-203, 208-210, 212-218, 220, 225,
229,230,234,236,240 - 242,244,245).
Quantitative analysis. A type of chemical analysis by
which the proportion or amount of each analyte in a
sample is determined. The result is a numerical
response (Chap. I, pp. 28 - 30; Chap. 6, p. 247 - 250,
253,276-279,282).
Structural analysis. A type of chemical analysis by
which the structure of a sample (viz. the spatial
distribution of its constituents) or a pure analyte is
established (Chap. I, p. 29).