Suggested Readings
141
• Documents accompanying at least three different certified sample standards (e.g. three of the CRMs in Table 3.1) .
• Procedure
Critically discuss the different steps involved in the process for each material:
(a) identifying the actual needs; (b) choosing the material; (c) preparing it;
(d) examining its stability (formulation and storage); (e) studying its homogeneity following splitting into bottles or vials; (f) conducting a certifying
campaign for one or several analytes (if applicable, running a preliminary
interlaboratory exercise using analyte solutions or extracts); (g) deciding
whether the chosen material warrants certification; and (h) delivering the
material and its accompanying documentation.
• Concluding discussion
• What critical factors dictate the quality of a CRM?
• Similarities and differences among the CRMs considered in this seminar.
• General problems encountered in using CRMs in chemical metrology.
Suggested Readings
About Traceability in Analytical Chemistry
(1) "Traceability in Analytical Chemistry", M. Valcarcel and A. Rios, Analyst,
1995,120,2291.
Provides an integral view of traceability consistent with the approach discussed in this
chapter.
(2) "Sense and Traceability", M. Thompson, Analyst, 1996, 121,285.
Presents an approach of highly practical interest.
(3) "Traceability of Chemical Analysis", B. King, Analyst, 1997, 122, 197.
Summarizes the basic, official approach to the traceability concept.
(4) "Mass Traceability for Analytical Measurements", M.W. Hinds and G.
Chapman, Anal. Chern., 1996,68, 35A.
Discusses traceability in relation to mass measurements in chemical analysis.
(5) "An Extended Approach to Traceability in Chemical Analysis", M. Valcarcel
and A. Rios, Fresenius' J. Anal. Chern., 1997,359,473.
Examines traceability of instruments, aliquots, methods and samples, and provides an
integral approach to the concept.
About Reference Materials
(6) "Glassware and Primary Standards", A. Rios, Encyclopedia of Analytical
Science, Academic Press, New York, 1996, p. 439.
Summarizes the features of the main types of primary and secondary standards used in
chemical metrology.
(7) "Impact of Reference Materials on the Quality of Chemical Measurements", Ph. Quevauviller,Analusis, 1993,21, M47.
Discusses the significance of the quality of standards and their proper use for chemical
measurements.
141
• Documents accompanying at least three different certified sample standards (e.g. three of the CRMs in Table 3.1) .
• Procedure
Critically discuss the different steps involved in the process for each material:
(a) identifying the actual needs; (b) choosing the material; (c) preparing it;
(d) examining its stability (formulation and storage); (e) studying its homogeneity following splitting into bottles or vials; (f) conducting a certifying
campaign for one or several analytes (if applicable, running a preliminary
interlaboratory exercise using analyte solutions or extracts); (g) deciding
whether the chosen material warrants certification; and (h) delivering the
material and its accompanying documentation.
• Concluding discussion
• What critical factors dictate the quality of a CRM?
• Similarities and differences among the CRMs considered in this seminar.
• General problems encountered in using CRMs in chemical metrology.
Suggested Readings
About Traceability in Analytical Chemistry
(1) "Traceability in Analytical Chemistry", M. Valcarcel and A. Rios, Analyst,
1995,120,2291.
Provides an integral view of traceability consistent with the approach discussed in this
chapter.
(2) "Sense and Traceability", M. Thompson, Analyst, 1996, 121,285.
Presents an approach of highly practical interest.
(3) "Traceability of Chemical Analysis", B. King, Analyst, 1997, 122, 197.
Summarizes the basic, official approach to the traceability concept.
(4) "Mass Traceability for Analytical Measurements", M.W. Hinds and G.
Chapman, Anal. Chern., 1996,68, 35A.
Discusses traceability in relation to mass measurements in chemical analysis.
(5) "An Extended Approach to Traceability in Chemical Analysis", M. Valcarcel
and A. Rios, Fresenius' J. Anal. Chern., 1997,359,473.
Examines traceability of instruments, aliquots, methods and samples, and provides an
integral approach to the concept.
About Reference Materials
(6) "Glassware and Primary Standards", A. Rios, Encyclopedia of Analytical
Science, Academic Press, New York, 1996, p. 439.
Summarizes the features of the main types of primary and secondary standards used in
chemical metrology.
(7) "Impact of Reference Materials on the Quality of Chemical Measurements", Ph. Quevauviller,Analusis, 1993,21, M47.
Discusses the significance of the quality of standards and their proper use for chemical
measurements.