CHAPTER 13 . Mercury in Marine Environments
261
Fitzgerald W (1989) Atmospheric and oceanic cycling of mercury. In: Riley JP, Chester R (eds) Chemical
oceanography. Academic Press, London
Foo SC, Ngim CH, Phon WO, Lee J (1988) Mercury in scalp hair of healthy Singapore residents. Science of the Total Environment 72:113-122
Forstner U, Wittmann GTW (1979) Metal pollution in the aquatic environment. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp 486
Franchi E, Loprieno G, Ballardin M, Petrozzi L, Migliore L (1994) Cytogenic monitoring of fishermen
with environmental mercury exposure. Mutat Res 320: 23-29
Gaggi C, Zino F, Duccini D, Renzoni A (1996) Levels of mercury in scalp hair of fishermen and their
families from Camara de Lobos, Madeira (Portugal). Bull Environ Contam ToxicoI56:860-865
Gagon C, Pelletier E, Mucci A (1997) Behaviour of anthropogenic mercury in marine coastal sediments.
Mar Chern 59: 159-176
Gill GA, Fitzgerald WF (1985) Mercury sampling of open ocean waters at the picomolar level. Deep
Sea Research 32:287-290
Gilmore CG, Henry EA (1991) Mercury methylation in aquatic systems affected by acid deposition.
Environ Pollut 71:131-136
Grandjean P, Weihe P, White RF., Debes F,Araki S, Yokoyama K,Murata K, S0rensen N, Dahl R, J0rgensen
PJ (1997) Cognitive deficit in 7-year-old children with prenatal exposure to methyl mercury.
Neurotoxicol TeratoI19:417-428
Grandjean P, Weihe P, White RF, Debes F (1998) Cognitive performance of children exposed prenatally
to "safe" levels of methyl mercury. Environ Res A 77:165-172
Hansen JC, Wulf HC, Kromann N, Alboge K (1976) Human exposure to heavy metals in East Greenland. 1. Mercury. Sci Total Environ 26:233-243
Harada M, Nakanishi J, Ohno K, Kimura T, Yamaguchi H, Tsuruta K, Kizaki T, Ookawara T, Ohno H
(1998) The present mercury contents of scalp hair and clinical symptoms in inhabitants of the
Minamata area. Environ Res A 77:160-164
Haxton J, Lidsay DG, Hislop JS, Salmon L, Dixon EJ, Evans WH, Reid JR, Hewitt q, Jeffries DF (1979)
Duplicate diet study of fishing communities in the United Kingdom: Mercury exposure in a critical group. Environ Res 18:351-386
Herbert MT, Acres GJK, Hughes JE (1980) Platinum, gold, silver and mercury. In: Hatfull D (ed) Future metal strategy. The Metals Society, London
Holm HW, Cox MF (1975) Transformation of elemental mercury by bacteria. Appl Microbiol 29:
491-495
Hornung H, Krumholz BS, Cohen Y (1984) Mercury pollution in benthic animals, fish and sediments
in Haifa Bay, Israel. Mar Environ Res 12,191-208
Jensen S. JernelOv A (1969) Biological methylation of mercury in aquatic organisms. Nature 223: 753-754
Jernelov A, Ramel C (1994) Mercury in the environment. Ambio 23:166
Jernelov A, Landner L, Larsson T (1975) Swedish perspectives on mercury pollution. J Wat Pollut Control Fed 47:810-822
Johannesson T, Lunde G, Steinnes E (1981) Mercury, arsenic, cadmium selenium and zinc in human
hair and salmon fries in Iceland. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 48:185-189
Kannan K, Falandysz J (1998) Speciation and concentrations of mercury in certain coastal marine
sediments. Water Air Soil Pollut 103:129-136
Knauer GA, Martin GH (1972) Mercury in a marine pelagic food chain. Limnol Oceanogr 17:868-876
Kniewald C, Kwokal, Z, Branica M (1987) Marine sampling by scuba diving. 3 sampling procedures for
measurement of mercury concentrations in estuarine waters and seawater. Mar Chern 22:2-4. 342-352
Lawson NM, Mason RP (1998) Accumulation of mercury in estuarine food chains. Biogeochemistry
40:235-247
Leatherland TM, Burton JD (1974) The occurrence of trace metals in coastal organisms with particular reference to the Solent Region. J Mar Bio Ass (UK) 54:547-568
Leermakers M, Baeyens W, Ebinghaus R, Kuballa J, Kock HH (1997) Determination of atmospheric
mercury during the North Sea Experiment. Water Air Soil Pollut 97:257-263
Lindberg, Stokes P, Goldberg E, Wren C (1987) Mercury. In: Hutchinson TW, Meemz KM (eds) Lead,
mercury, cadmium and arsenic in the environment. John Wiley and Sons, New York, Chichester,
Toronto, pp 17-34
Lindqvist 0, Jernelov A, Johansson K, Rodhe R (1984) Mercury in the Swedish environment: Global
and local sources. SOLNA, Swedish National Environmental Protection Board Report No 1816
Mance G, (1987) Pollution threat of heavy metals in aqueous systems. Elsevier Applied Science, London, New York
Martin M, Osborne KE, Billig P, Glockstein N (1981) Toxicities of ten metals to Crassostrea gigas and
Mytilus edulis embryos and Cancer magister Larvae. Mar Pollut 12:305-308
Mason RP, Fitzgerald WF (1990) Mercury species in the equatorial Pacific. Nature 347:457-459
261
Fitzgerald W (1989) Atmospheric and oceanic cycling of mercury. In: Riley JP, Chester R (eds) Chemical
oceanography. Academic Press, London
Foo SC, Ngim CH, Phon WO, Lee J (1988) Mercury in scalp hair of healthy Singapore residents. Science of the Total Environment 72:113-122
Forstner U, Wittmann GTW (1979) Metal pollution in the aquatic environment. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp 486
Franchi E, Loprieno G, Ballardin M, Petrozzi L, Migliore L (1994) Cytogenic monitoring of fishermen
with environmental mercury exposure. Mutat Res 320: 23-29
Gaggi C, Zino F, Duccini D, Renzoni A (1996) Levels of mercury in scalp hair of fishermen and their
families from Camara de Lobos, Madeira (Portugal). Bull Environ Contam ToxicoI56:860-865
Gagon C, Pelletier E, Mucci A (1997) Behaviour of anthropogenic mercury in marine coastal sediments.
Mar Chern 59: 159-176
Gill GA, Fitzgerald WF (1985) Mercury sampling of open ocean waters at the picomolar level. Deep
Sea Research 32:287-290
Gilmore CG, Henry EA (1991) Mercury methylation in aquatic systems affected by acid deposition.
Environ Pollut 71:131-136
Grandjean P, Weihe P, White RF., Debes F,Araki S, Yokoyama K,Murata K, S0rensen N, Dahl R, J0rgensen
PJ (1997) Cognitive deficit in 7-year-old children with prenatal exposure to methyl mercury.
Neurotoxicol TeratoI19:417-428
Grandjean P, Weihe P, White RF, Debes F (1998) Cognitive performance of children exposed prenatally
to "safe" levels of methyl mercury. Environ Res A 77:165-172
Hansen JC, Wulf HC, Kromann N, Alboge K (1976) Human exposure to heavy metals in East Greenland. 1. Mercury. Sci Total Environ 26:233-243
Harada M, Nakanishi J, Ohno K, Kimura T, Yamaguchi H, Tsuruta K, Kizaki T, Ookawara T, Ohno H
(1998) The present mercury contents of scalp hair and clinical symptoms in inhabitants of the
Minamata area. Environ Res A 77:160-164
Haxton J, Lidsay DG, Hislop JS, Salmon L, Dixon EJ, Evans WH, Reid JR, Hewitt q, Jeffries DF (1979)
Duplicate diet study of fishing communities in the United Kingdom: Mercury exposure in a critical group. Environ Res 18:351-386
Herbert MT, Acres GJK, Hughes JE (1980) Platinum, gold, silver and mercury. In: Hatfull D (ed) Future metal strategy. The Metals Society, London
Holm HW, Cox MF (1975) Transformation of elemental mercury by bacteria. Appl Microbiol 29:
491-495
Hornung H, Krumholz BS, Cohen Y (1984) Mercury pollution in benthic animals, fish and sediments
in Haifa Bay, Israel. Mar Environ Res 12,191-208
Jensen S. JernelOv A (1969) Biological methylation of mercury in aquatic organisms. Nature 223: 753-754
Jernelov A, Ramel C (1994) Mercury in the environment. Ambio 23:166
Jernelov A, Landner L, Larsson T (1975) Swedish perspectives on mercury pollution. J Wat Pollut Control Fed 47:810-822
Johannesson T, Lunde G, Steinnes E (1981) Mercury, arsenic, cadmium selenium and zinc in human
hair and salmon fries in Iceland. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 48:185-189
Kannan K, Falandysz J (1998) Speciation and concentrations of mercury in certain coastal marine
sediments. Water Air Soil Pollut 103:129-136
Knauer GA, Martin GH (1972) Mercury in a marine pelagic food chain. Limnol Oceanogr 17:868-876
Kniewald C, Kwokal, Z, Branica M (1987) Marine sampling by scuba diving. 3 sampling procedures for
measurement of mercury concentrations in estuarine waters and seawater. Mar Chern 22:2-4. 342-352
Lawson NM, Mason RP (1998) Accumulation of mercury in estuarine food chains. Biogeochemistry
40:235-247
Leatherland TM, Burton JD (1974) The occurrence of trace metals in coastal organisms with particular reference to the Solent Region. J Mar Bio Ass (UK) 54:547-568
Leermakers M, Baeyens W, Ebinghaus R, Kuballa J, Kock HH (1997) Determination of atmospheric
mercury during the North Sea Experiment. Water Air Soil Pollut 97:257-263
Lindberg, Stokes P, Goldberg E, Wren C (1987) Mercury. In: Hutchinson TW, Meemz KM (eds) Lead,
mercury, cadmium and arsenic in the environment. John Wiley and Sons, New York, Chichester,
Toronto, pp 17-34
Lindqvist 0, Jernelov A, Johansson K, Rodhe R (1984) Mercury in the Swedish environment: Global
and local sources. SOLNA, Swedish National Environmental Protection Board Report No 1816
Mance G, (1987) Pollution threat of heavy metals in aqueous systems. Elsevier Applied Science, London, New York
Martin M, Osborne KE, Billig P, Glockstein N (1981) Toxicities of ten metals to Crassostrea gigas and
Mytilus edulis embryos and Cancer magister Larvae. Mar Pollut 12:305-308
Mason RP, Fitzgerald WF (1990) Mercury species in the equatorial Pacific. Nature 347:457-459