88
B. Sulzberger
Davies-Colley RJ, Vant WN (1987) Absorption oflight by yellow substance in fresh-water lakes. Limnol
Oceanogr 32:416-425
Davison W (1993) Iron and manganese in lakes. Earth-Science Rev 34:U9-163
Davison W, Seed G (1983) The kinetics of the oxidation of ferrous iron in synthetic and natural waters. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 47:67-79
Deng Y, Stumm W (1994) Reactivity of aquatic iron(III) oxyhydroxides - implications for redox cycling of iron in natural waters. Appl Geochem 9:23-36
DeVitre RR, Buffle J, Perret D, Baudat R (1988) A study of iron and manganese tranformations at the
O,IS(-II) transition layer in a eutrophic lake (lake Bret, Switzerland): A multimethod approach.
Geochim Cosmochim Acta 52:1601-1613
Emmenegger L, King DW, Sigg L, Sulzberger B (1998) Oxidation kinetics of Fe(II) in a eutrophic Swiss
lake. Environ Sci Technol 32:2990-2996
Faust BC, Hoigne J (1987) Sensitized photooxidation of phenols by fulvic acid and in natural waters.
Environ Sci Technol 21:957-964
Faust BC, Zepp RG (1993) Photochemistry of aqueous iron(III)-polycarboxylate complexes: Roles in
the chemistry of atmospheric and surface waters. Environ Sci Technol 27:2517-2522
Frimmel FH, Christman RC (1988) Humic substances and their role in the environment. Wiley
Interscience, New York
Gledhill M, Van den Berg CMG (1995) Measurement of the redox speciation of iron in seawater by
catalytic cathodic stripping voltammetry. Mar Chern 50:51- 61
Green SA, Blough NV (1994) Optical absorption and fluorescence properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in natural waters. Limnol Oceanogr 39:7337-7346
Haag WR, Hoigne J (1986) Singlet oxygen in surface waters. 3. Photochemical formation and steadystate concentrations in various types of waters. Environ Sci TechnoI20:341-348
Haag WR, Mill T (1990) Survey of sunlight-produced transient reactants in surface waters. In: Blough
NY, Zepp RG (eds) Effects of solar ultraviolet radiation on biogeochemical dynamics in aquatic
environments. Woods Hole Oceanographic Insitution Technical Report, WHOI-90-09, pp 82-88
Hedges 11 (1992) Global biogeochemical cycles: Progress and problems. Mar Chern 39:67-93
Hedges J, Hatcher, Ertel PJ, Meyers-Schulte KA (19~~) Comparison of dissolved humic substances from
seawater with Amazon River counterparts by C-NMR spectrometry. Geochim Cosmochim Acta
56:1753-1757
Herndl, GJ, Mueller-Niklas G, Frick J (1993) Major role of ultraviolet-B radiation in controlling
bacterioplankton growth in the surface layer of the ocean. Nature 361:717-719
Herndl GJ, Brugger A, Hager S, Kaiser E, Obernosterer I, Reitner B, Slezak D (1997) Role of ultraviolet-B radiation on bacterioplankton and the availability of dissolved organic matter. Plant Ecology 128:42-51
Hohmann R, Zumbrunn S, Staudenmann J, Schellenberg T, Imboden D, Thierstein H, Eckert V (1990)
Der C-Transport von der Atmosphare in die Tiefsee: Schliissel zum Verstandnis des globalen CKreislaufes. Umwelttag 1990 der ETH: Probleme der anthropogenen Klimaanderung, S 93-94
Huber SA, Frimmel FH (1994) Direct gel chromatographic characterization and quantification of marine dissolved organic carbon using high-sensitivity DOC detection. Environ Sci TeclmoI28:u94-U97
Johnson KS, Coale KH, Elrod VA, Tindale NW (1994) Iron photochemistry in seawater from the equatorial Pacific. Mar Chern 46: 319-334
Karentz D, Bothwell ML, Coffin RB, Hanson A, Herndl GJ, Kilham SS, Lesser MP, Lindell M, Moeller
RE, Morris DP, Neale PJ, Sanders RW, Weiler CS, Wetzel RG (1994) Impact of UV-B radiation on
pelagic fresh-water ecosystems: Report of working group on bacteria and phytoplankton. Arch
Hydrobiol, Beih Ergebn LimnoI43:31-69
Kieber DJ, McDaniel J, Mopper K (1989) Photochemical source of biological substrates in sea water:
Implications for carbon cycling. Nature 341:637-639
Kieber RJ, Zhou X, Mopper K (1990) Formation of carbonyl compounds from UV-induced photodegradation of humic substances in natural waters: Fate of riverine carbon in the sea. Limnol Oceanogr
35=1053-1515
King DW (1998) Role of carbonate species on the oxidation rate of Fe(II) in aquatic systems. Environ
Sci Technol 32:2997-3003
King DW, Aldrich RA, Charnecki SE (1993) Photochemical redox cycling of iron in NaCI solutions.
Mar Chern 44:105-120
King DW, Lounsbury HA, Millero FJ (1995) Rates and mechanism of Fe(II) oxidation at nanomolar
total iron concentrations. Environ Sci Technol 29:818-824
Kuma K, Nishioka N, Matsunaga K (1996) Controls on iron(III) hydroxide solubility in seawater: The
influence of pH and organic chelators. Limnol Oceanogr 41:396-407
Leenheer JA, Wershaw RL, Reddy MM (1995a) Stong-acid, carboxyl-group structures in fulvic acid
from the Suwannee River, Georgia. 1. Minor structures. Environ Sci Technol 29:393-398
B. Sulzberger
Davies-Colley RJ, Vant WN (1987) Absorption oflight by yellow substance in fresh-water lakes. Limnol
Oceanogr 32:416-425
Davison W (1993) Iron and manganese in lakes. Earth-Science Rev 34:U9-163
Davison W, Seed G (1983) The kinetics of the oxidation of ferrous iron in synthetic and natural waters. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 47:67-79
Deng Y, Stumm W (1994) Reactivity of aquatic iron(III) oxyhydroxides - implications for redox cycling of iron in natural waters. Appl Geochem 9:23-36
DeVitre RR, Buffle J, Perret D, Baudat R (1988) A study of iron and manganese tranformations at the
O,IS(-II) transition layer in a eutrophic lake (lake Bret, Switzerland): A multimethod approach.
Geochim Cosmochim Acta 52:1601-1613
Emmenegger L, King DW, Sigg L, Sulzberger B (1998) Oxidation kinetics of Fe(II) in a eutrophic Swiss
lake. Environ Sci Technol 32:2990-2996
Faust BC, Hoigne J (1987) Sensitized photooxidation of phenols by fulvic acid and in natural waters.
Environ Sci Technol 21:957-964
Faust BC, Zepp RG (1993) Photochemistry of aqueous iron(III)-polycarboxylate complexes: Roles in
the chemistry of atmospheric and surface waters. Environ Sci Technol 27:2517-2522
Frimmel FH, Christman RC (1988) Humic substances and their role in the environment. Wiley
Interscience, New York
Gledhill M, Van den Berg CMG (1995) Measurement of the redox speciation of iron in seawater by
catalytic cathodic stripping voltammetry. Mar Chern 50:51- 61
Green SA, Blough NV (1994) Optical absorption and fluorescence properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in natural waters. Limnol Oceanogr 39:7337-7346
Haag WR, Hoigne J (1986) Singlet oxygen in surface waters. 3. Photochemical formation and steadystate concentrations in various types of waters. Environ Sci TechnoI20:341-348
Haag WR, Mill T (1990) Survey of sunlight-produced transient reactants in surface waters. In: Blough
NY, Zepp RG (eds) Effects of solar ultraviolet radiation on biogeochemical dynamics in aquatic
environments. Woods Hole Oceanographic Insitution Technical Report, WHOI-90-09, pp 82-88
Hedges 11 (1992) Global biogeochemical cycles: Progress and problems. Mar Chern 39:67-93
Hedges J, Hatcher, Ertel PJ, Meyers-Schulte KA (19~~) Comparison of dissolved humic substances from
seawater with Amazon River counterparts by C-NMR spectrometry. Geochim Cosmochim Acta
56:1753-1757
Herndl, GJ, Mueller-Niklas G, Frick J (1993) Major role of ultraviolet-B radiation in controlling
bacterioplankton growth in the surface layer of the ocean. Nature 361:717-719
Herndl GJ, Brugger A, Hager S, Kaiser E, Obernosterer I, Reitner B, Slezak D (1997) Role of ultraviolet-B radiation on bacterioplankton and the availability of dissolved organic matter. Plant Ecology 128:42-51
Hohmann R, Zumbrunn S, Staudenmann J, Schellenberg T, Imboden D, Thierstein H, Eckert V (1990)
Der C-Transport von der Atmosphare in die Tiefsee: Schliissel zum Verstandnis des globalen CKreislaufes. Umwelttag 1990 der ETH: Probleme der anthropogenen Klimaanderung, S 93-94
Huber SA, Frimmel FH (1994) Direct gel chromatographic characterization and quantification of marine dissolved organic carbon using high-sensitivity DOC detection. Environ Sci TeclmoI28:u94-U97
Johnson KS, Coale KH, Elrod VA, Tindale NW (1994) Iron photochemistry in seawater from the equatorial Pacific. Mar Chern 46: 319-334
Karentz D, Bothwell ML, Coffin RB, Hanson A, Herndl GJ, Kilham SS, Lesser MP, Lindell M, Moeller
RE, Morris DP, Neale PJ, Sanders RW, Weiler CS, Wetzel RG (1994) Impact of UV-B radiation on
pelagic fresh-water ecosystems: Report of working group on bacteria and phytoplankton. Arch
Hydrobiol, Beih Ergebn LimnoI43:31-69
Kieber DJ, McDaniel J, Mopper K (1989) Photochemical source of biological substrates in sea water:
Implications for carbon cycling. Nature 341:637-639
Kieber RJ, Zhou X, Mopper K (1990) Formation of carbonyl compounds from UV-induced photodegradation of humic substances in natural waters: Fate of riverine carbon in the sea. Limnol Oceanogr
35=1053-1515
King DW (1998) Role of carbonate species on the oxidation rate of Fe(II) in aquatic systems. Environ
Sci Technol 32:2997-3003
King DW, Aldrich RA, Charnecki SE (1993) Photochemical redox cycling of iron in NaCI solutions.
Mar Chern 44:105-120
King DW, Lounsbury HA, Millero FJ (1995) Rates and mechanism of Fe(II) oxidation at nanomolar
total iron concentrations. Environ Sci Technol 29:818-824
Kuma K, Nishioka N, Matsunaga K (1996) Controls on iron(III) hydroxide solubility in seawater: The
influence of pH and organic chelators. Limnol Oceanogr 41:396-407
Leenheer JA, Wershaw RL, Reddy MM (1995a) Stong-acid, carboxyl-group structures in fulvic acid
from the Suwannee River, Georgia. 1. Minor structures. Environ Sci Technol 29:393-398