CHAPTER 1 . Sea Water as an Electrolyte
33
Carpenter JH, Manella ME (1973) Magnesium to chlorinity ratios in seawater. J Geophys Res 78:3621-3626
Connors DN, Weyl PK (1968) The partial equivalent conductance of salt in seawater and the densityconductance relationship. Limnol Oceanogr 13:39-50
Culkin F (1965) The major constituents of sea water. In: Riley P, Skirrow G (eds) Chemical oceanography, vol 1. Academic Press, New York, pp 121-161
Culkin F, Cox RA (1966) Sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and strontium in seawater. Deep-Sea
Res 13:789-804
Degens ET, Von Herzen RP, Wong H-K (1971) Lake Tanganyika: Water chemistry, sediments, geological
structure. Naturwissen 58:229-234
Dittmar W (1884) Report on researches into the composition of ocean water collected by H.M.S. Challenger 1873-76. Sci. Res. Voyage "Challenger", 1873-76. Chern Phys 1:1-211
Edmond J (1974) Lake chemistry. In: Craig H (ed) Lake Tanganyika geochemical and hydrographic study.
University of California, San Diego (SIO Ref. Ser. 75-5, pp 1-64)
Effler SW, Schimel K, Millero FJ (1986) Salinity, ionic strength, and chloride relationships in ion polluted Onondaga Lake N.Y. Wat Air Soil Pollut 27:169-180
Falkner KK, Measures CI, Herbelin SE, Edmond JM, Weiss RF (1991) The major and minor element
geochemistry of Lake Baikal. Limnol Oceanogr 36:413-423
Fernandez H, Vazquez F, Millero FJ (1982) The density and composition of hypersaline waters of a Mexican lagoon. Limnol Oceanogr 27:315-321
Gieskes JM (1982) The practical salinity scale 1978.A reply to comments byT. R. Parsons. Limnol Oceanogr
27:387-389
Hill KD, Dalphinee TM, Woods DJ (1986) The extension of the practical salinity scale 1978 to low salinities.
IEEE J Oceanic Eng OE-11:109
Jellison R, Macintyre S, Millero FJ (1999) Density and conductivity properties of Na-COr CI-S04 brine
from Mono Lake, USA. Int J Salt Lake Res 8:41-53
Knudsen M (1901) Hydrographical tables according to the measurings of Carl Forch, P. Jacobsen, Martin Knudsen and S. P. L. Sorensen, G. E. C. Gad: Copenhagen. Williams Norgate, London
Lyman J, Fleming RH (1940) Composition of seawater. J Mar Res 3:134-146
Mcmanus J, Collier RW, Chen CA, Dymond J (1992) Physical properties of Crater Lake, Oregon: A method
for the determination of a conductivity- and temperature-dependent expression for salinity. Limnol
Oceanogr 37:41-53
Millero FJ (1973a) Theoretical estimates of the isothermal compressibility of seawater. Deep-Sea Res
20:101-105
Millero FJ (1973b) Seawater - a test of multicomponent electrolyte solution theories. 1. The apparent
equivalent volume, expansibility and compressibility of artificial seawater. J Solution Chern 2:1-22
Millero FJ (1974) Seawater as a multicomponent electrolyte solution. In: Goldberg E (ed) The sea. Wiley,
New York, pp 3-80
Millero FJ (1975) The physical chemistry of estuaries. In: Church TM (ed) Marine chemistry in the coastal
environment. ACS, Washington, D.C. (ACS Symp. Ser.18, pp 25-55)
Millero FJ (1978) The physical chemistry of Baltic Sea waters. Thalassia JugosI14:1-46
Millero FJ (1982) The thermodynamics of seawater. Part 1: The PVT properties. Ocean Sci Eng 7:403-460
Millero FJ (1983) The thermodynamics of seawater. Part II: Thermochemical properties. Ocean Sci Eng
8:1-40
Millero FJ (1984) The conductivity-density-salinity-chlorinity relationship for estuarine waters.
Limnol Oceanogr 29:1317-1321
Millero FJ (1996) Chemical oceanography. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
Millero FJ (2000a) The equation of state of lake waters. Aquatic Geochem 6:1-17
Millero FJ (2000b) Effect of changes in the composition of seawater on the density-salinity relationship. Deep-Sea Res I 4]:1583-1590
Millero FJ (2001) The physical chemistry of natural waters. Wiley Scientific, N.Y.
Millero FJ, Chetirkin PV (1980) The density of Caspian Sea waters. Deep-Sea Res 27:265-271
Millero FJ, Kremling K (1976) The densities of Baltic Sea waters. Deep-Sea Res 23:1129-1138
Millero FJ, Lepple FK (1973) The density and expansibility of artificial seawater solutions from 0 to 40°C
and 0 to 21%0 chlorinity. Mar Chern 1:89-104
Millero FJ, Poisson A (1981) International one atmosphere equation of state of seawater. Deep-Sea Res
28:625-629
Millero FJ, Perron G, Desnoyers JE (1973a) Heat capacity of seawater solutions from 5 to 35°C and 0.5 to
22%0 chlorinity. J Geophys Res 78:4499-4507
Millero FJ, Hansen LD, Hoff EV (1973b) The enthalpy of seawater from 0 to 30°C and 0 to 40%0 salinity.
J Mar Res 31:21-39
Millero FJ, Gonzalez A, Ward GK (1976a) The density of seawater solutions at one atmosphere as a function of temperature and salinity. J Mar Res 34:61-93
33
Carpenter JH, Manella ME (1973) Magnesium to chlorinity ratios in seawater. J Geophys Res 78:3621-3626
Connors DN, Weyl PK (1968) The partial equivalent conductance of salt in seawater and the densityconductance relationship. Limnol Oceanogr 13:39-50
Culkin F (1965) The major constituents of sea water. In: Riley P, Skirrow G (eds) Chemical oceanography, vol 1. Academic Press, New York, pp 121-161
Culkin F, Cox RA (1966) Sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and strontium in seawater. Deep-Sea
Res 13:789-804
Degens ET, Von Herzen RP, Wong H-K (1971) Lake Tanganyika: Water chemistry, sediments, geological
structure. Naturwissen 58:229-234
Dittmar W (1884) Report on researches into the composition of ocean water collected by H.M.S. Challenger 1873-76. Sci. Res. Voyage "Challenger", 1873-76. Chern Phys 1:1-211
Edmond J (1974) Lake chemistry. In: Craig H (ed) Lake Tanganyika geochemical and hydrographic study.
University of California, San Diego (SIO Ref. Ser. 75-5, pp 1-64)
Effler SW, Schimel K, Millero FJ (1986) Salinity, ionic strength, and chloride relationships in ion polluted Onondaga Lake N.Y. Wat Air Soil Pollut 27:169-180
Falkner KK, Measures CI, Herbelin SE, Edmond JM, Weiss RF (1991) The major and minor element
geochemistry of Lake Baikal. Limnol Oceanogr 36:413-423
Fernandez H, Vazquez F, Millero FJ (1982) The density and composition of hypersaline waters of a Mexican lagoon. Limnol Oceanogr 27:315-321
Gieskes JM (1982) The practical salinity scale 1978.A reply to comments byT. R. Parsons. Limnol Oceanogr
27:387-389
Hill KD, Dalphinee TM, Woods DJ (1986) The extension of the practical salinity scale 1978 to low salinities.
IEEE J Oceanic Eng OE-11:109
Jellison R, Macintyre S, Millero FJ (1999) Density and conductivity properties of Na-COr CI-S04 brine
from Mono Lake, USA. Int J Salt Lake Res 8:41-53
Knudsen M (1901) Hydrographical tables according to the measurings of Carl Forch, P. Jacobsen, Martin Knudsen and S. P. L. Sorensen, G. E. C. Gad: Copenhagen. Williams Norgate, London
Lyman J, Fleming RH (1940) Composition of seawater. J Mar Res 3:134-146
Mcmanus J, Collier RW, Chen CA, Dymond J (1992) Physical properties of Crater Lake, Oregon: A method
for the determination of a conductivity- and temperature-dependent expression for salinity. Limnol
Oceanogr 37:41-53
Millero FJ (1973a) Theoretical estimates of the isothermal compressibility of seawater. Deep-Sea Res
20:101-105
Millero FJ (1973b) Seawater - a test of multicomponent electrolyte solution theories. 1. The apparent
equivalent volume, expansibility and compressibility of artificial seawater. J Solution Chern 2:1-22
Millero FJ (1974) Seawater as a multicomponent electrolyte solution. In: Goldberg E (ed) The sea. Wiley,
New York, pp 3-80
Millero FJ (1975) The physical chemistry of estuaries. In: Church TM (ed) Marine chemistry in the coastal
environment. ACS, Washington, D.C. (ACS Symp. Ser.18, pp 25-55)
Millero FJ (1978) The physical chemistry of Baltic Sea waters. Thalassia JugosI14:1-46
Millero FJ (1982) The thermodynamics of seawater. Part 1: The PVT properties. Ocean Sci Eng 7:403-460
Millero FJ (1983) The thermodynamics of seawater. Part II: Thermochemical properties. Ocean Sci Eng
8:1-40
Millero FJ (1984) The conductivity-density-salinity-chlorinity relationship for estuarine waters.
Limnol Oceanogr 29:1317-1321
Millero FJ (1996) Chemical oceanography. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
Millero FJ (2000a) The equation of state of lake waters. Aquatic Geochem 6:1-17
Millero FJ (2000b) Effect of changes in the composition of seawater on the density-salinity relationship. Deep-Sea Res I 4]:1583-1590
Millero FJ (2001) The physical chemistry of natural waters. Wiley Scientific, N.Y.
Millero FJ, Chetirkin PV (1980) The density of Caspian Sea waters. Deep-Sea Res 27:265-271
Millero FJ, Kremling K (1976) The densities of Baltic Sea waters. Deep-Sea Res 23:1129-1138
Millero FJ, Lepple FK (1973) The density and expansibility of artificial seawater solutions from 0 to 40°C
and 0 to 21%0 chlorinity. Mar Chern 1:89-104
Millero FJ, Poisson A (1981) International one atmosphere equation of state of seawater. Deep-Sea Res
28:625-629
Millero FJ, Perron G, Desnoyers JE (1973a) Heat capacity of seawater solutions from 5 to 35°C and 0.5 to
22%0 chlorinity. J Geophys Res 78:4499-4507
Millero FJ, Hansen LD, Hoff EV (1973b) The enthalpy of seawater from 0 to 30°C and 0 to 40%0 salinity.
J Mar Res 31:21-39
Millero FJ, Gonzalez A, Ward GK (1976a) The density of seawater solutions at one atmosphere as a function of temperature and salinity. J Mar Res 34:61-93