424
14 Tides and Waves on Vegetated Coasts
a
high tide ~~iI~~~~~
1. 8 m t -
-f eve:--------Cli - a . ~ . ~~~~~- t- 7 - ~ - - - ; : :-r
a.,! •. f' :.., P.n'·I" b.'.oO., .'
b
Site: 1
2
3
I
I
I
150m
80m
80m
4
I
100m
Bruguiera sp.
site: 1
I
20m
2
I
20m
3
I 5m
5
I
20m
Fig. 14.5: Mangrove species distribution at: a Cocoa Creek, Australia b Iriomote
Island, Japan (adapted from Brinkman et al., 1997)
e 1.2
0
=
I:il
:>. 1.0
01)
... Q)
d
0.8
Q)
"0
Q)
N
0.6
.... c;
S ... 0.4
0
Z
0.2
0.0
0
50
•
•
I
•
•
100
150
•
•
• •
•
200
I
250
Distance (m) from seaward side of forest
Fig. 14.6: Experimental normalized energy E norm in the mangrove forest at Cocoa
Creek (adapted from Brinkman et al., 1997)