448
The Biology of Sea Turtles, Vol. II
as compared with disease investigation,
387–388
costs and benefits, 405–408
goals and limitations, 392–393
imaging, 400
individual vs. population health, 388–389
interpretation of data, 393–397
mass morbidity–mortality events vs. sporadic
problems, 391
physical examination, 398–399
test selection, 393
Health assessment data sheets, 398–399
Health problems, in rearing facilities, 418–420
Hearing, 90–95
behavioral studies, 94
ear anatomy and morphology, 90–92
electrophysiology, 92–94
water conduction vs. bone conduction, 92
Heat shock proteins (HSPs), 185–186, 187
Heat stress, 169
Heavy metals, 170, 171
Herpesvirus, 177
in gray-patch disease, 436
Herring gull (Larus argentatus), PCBs and, 171
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), 171
Hind limb
external anatomy, 47
muscular anatomy, 68
skeletal anatomy, 56–57
Hip muscles, 68
Historical aspects, 1–38, see also subtopics
conclusions and discussion, 29–30
cultural artifacts, 19–25
human–turtle interactions, 26–29
zooarchaeological remains, 1–19
History, health, 402
Hormonal effects, of chemical pollutants, 171
Hormonal regulation
of ovulation, 146–147
of reproductive output, 149
Hormonal response to stress, 182–184
Hormone disrupters, 172–173
Hormones, plasma in vitellogenesis, 145
Hue discrimination, see Color sensitivity
Human impact, see also Contemporary uses
adult sex ratios and, 115
developmental patterns and, 251
as environmental stressor, 165–166
Human–turtle interactions, 1–38, see also
Contemporary uses; Cultural
artifacts; Zooarcheological remains
archeology, 19–25
historical accounts, 26–29
zooarcheology, 2–19
Humeral scutes, 42
Humerus (fore limb), 54
Husbandry, 411–440, see also subtopics
data collection, 428
diet, feeding, and growth, 421–426
environmental parameters, 418–420
grow-out facilities, 430–434
hatchling selection, 420–421
health problems, 434–437
rearing facilities, 413–417
routine cleaning, 427
seawater system, 417–418
stocking densities, 414–417, 426
turtle transport, 428–430
Hyanassa obsoleta (intertidal eastern mud snail),
biomarkers for stressors in, 186–187
Hyperthermia, 169
Hypothermia, 166–169
I
Imaging techniques, 400, see also specific
techniques
Immature sex ratios, 115–118
Immunological effects, of chemical pollution,
171–172
Immunological response
to environmental stressors, 184–185
seasonal patterns in, 185
Immunosuppression
algal blooms and, 173–174
GTFP and, 177
Imprinting, chemical, 98–99
Indian Ocean Basin, see also specific countries
human–turtle interactions, 27–28
zooarcheological remains, 4
Indigenous, defined, 310–311
Indonesia, use as meat, 314
Infections, see also Disease
respiratory, 436
viral and bacterial, 435–436
Inframarginal scutes, 42
Innervation, see also Nervous system
cranial nerves, 72–73, 73
of major muscles, 60–63
Interanal scutes, 42
Intergular scutes, 42
Intrinsic value, 358
In-water surveys, 295
Iodopsin, 82
Isla Cerritos, zooarchaeological remains, 15–16
Isoenzymes, disease investigation and, 397
1123_Index Page 448 Monday, November 18, 2002 9:22 AM
The Biology of Sea Turtles, Vol. II
as compared with disease investigation,
387–388
costs and benefits, 405–408
goals and limitations, 392–393
imaging, 400
individual vs. population health, 388–389
interpretation of data, 393–397
mass morbidity–mortality events vs. sporadic
problems, 391
physical examination, 398–399
test selection, 393
Health assessment data sheets, 398–399
Health problems, in rearing facilities, 418–420
Hearing, 90–95
behavioral studies, 94
ear anatomy and morphology, 90–92
electrophysiology, 92–94
water conduction vs. bone conduction, 92
Heat shock proteins (HSPs), 185–186, 187
Heat stress, 169
Heavy metals, 170, 171
Herpesvirus, 177
in gray-patch disease, 436
Herring gull (Larus argentatus), PCBs and, 171
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), 171
Hind limb
external anatomy, 47
muscular anatomy, 68
skeletal anatomy, 56–57
Hip muscles, 68
Historical aspects, 1–38, see also subtopics
conclusions and discussion, 29–30
cultural artifacts, 19–25
human–turtle interactions, 26–29
zooarchaeological remains, 1–19
History, health, 402
Hormonal effects, of chemical pollutants, 171
Hormonal regulation
of ovulation, 146–147
of reproductive output, 149
Hormonal response to stress, 182–184
Hormone disrupters, 172–173
Hormones, plasma in vitellogenesis, 145
Hue discrimination, see Color sensitivity
Human impact, see also Contemporary uses
adult sex ratios and, 115
developmental patterns and, 251
as environmental stressor, 165–166
Human–turtle interactions, 1–38, see also
Contemporary uses; Cultural
artifacts; Zooarcheological remains
archeology, 19–25
historical accounts, 26–29
zooarcheology, 2–19
Humeral scutes, 42
Humerus (fore limb), 54
Husbandry, 411–440, see also subtopics
data collection, 428
diet, feeding, and growth, 421–426
environmental parameters, 418–420
grow-out facilities, 430–434
hatchling selection, 420–421
health problems, 434–437
rearing facilities, 413–417
routine cleaning, 427
seawater system, 417–418
stocking densities, 414–417, 426
turtle transport, 428–430
Hyanassa obsoleta (intertidal eastern mud snail),
biomarkers for stressors in, 186–187
Hyperthermia, 169
Hypothermia, 166–169
I
Imaging techniques, 400, see also specific
techniques
Immature sex ratios, 115–118
Immunological effects, of chemical pollution,
171–172
Immunological response
to environmental stressors, 184–185
seasonal patterns in, 185
Immunosuppression
algal blooms and, 173–174
GTFP and, 177
Imprinting, chemical, 98–99
Indian Ocean Basin, see also specific countries
human–turtle interactions, 27–28
zooarcheological remains, 4
Indigenous, defined, 310–311
Indonesia, use as meat, 314
Infections, see also Disease
respiratory, 436
viral and bacterial, 435–436
Inframarginal scutes, 42
Innervation, see also Nervous system
cranial nerves, 72–73, 73
of major muscles, 60–63
Interanal scutes, 42
Intergular scutes, 42
Intrinsic value, 358
In-water surveys, 295
Iodopsin, 82
Isla Cerritos, zooarchaeological remains, 15–16
Isoenzymes, disease investigation and, 397
1123_Index Page 448 Monday, November 18, 2002 9:22 AM