Roles of Sea Turtles in Marine Ecosystems: Reconstructing the Past
273
Thayer, G.W., D.W. Engel, and K.A. Bjorndal. 1982. Evidence of short-circuiting of the
detritus cycle of seagrass beds by the green turtle, Chelonia mydas L. J. Exp. Mar.
Biol. Ecol. 62:173–183.
Van Dam, R.P. and C.E. Diez. 1997. Predation by hawksbill turtles on sponges at Mona Island,
Puerto Rico. Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium
2:1421–1426.
Vicente, V.P. 1990. Overgrowth activity by the encrusting sponge Chondrilla nucula on a
coral reef in Puerto Rico. Pages 36–44 in K. Rützler, editor. New Perspectives in
Sponge Biology. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Williams, N. 1970. A History of the Cayman Islands. The Government of the Cayman Islands,
Grand Cayman. 94 pp.
Williams, S.L. 1988. Thalassia testudinum productivity and grazing by green turtles in a
highly disturbed seagrass bed. Mar. Biol. 98:447–455.
Witherington, B.E. In press. The biological conservation of loggerheads: challenges and
opportunities. In A.B. Bolten and B.E. Witherington, editors. Biology and Conservation of the Loggerhead Sea Turtle. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Witzell, W.N. 1983. Synopsis of biological data on the hawksbill turtle Eretmochelys imbricata
(Linnaeus, 1766). FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 137. Rome. 78 pp.
Wulff, J. 1997. Parrotfish predation on cryptic sponges on Caribbean coral reefs. Mar. Biol.
129:41–52.
Zieman, J.C. 1982. The ecology of the seagrasses of South Florida: a community profile. U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services, Washington, D.C.
Zieman, J.C., J.W. Fourqurean, and T.A. Frankovich. 1999. Seagrass die-off in Florida Bay:
long-term trends in abundance and growth of turtle grass, Thalassia testudinum.
Estuaries 22:460–470.
Zieman, J.C., R.L. Iverson, and J.C. Ogden. 1984. Herbivory effects on Thalassia testudinum
leaf growth and nitrogen content. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 15:151–158.
Zimmerman, L.C. and C.R. Tracy. 1989. Interactions between the environment and ectothermy
and herbivory in reptiles. Physiol. Zool. 62:374–409.
1123 book.book Page 273 Monday, November 11, 2002 11:11 AM
273
Thayer, G.W., D.W. Engel, and K.A. Bjorndal. 1982. Evidence of short-circuiting of the
detritus cycle of seagrass beds by the green turtle, Chelonia mydas L. J. Exp. Mar.
Biol. Ecol. 62:173–183.
Van Dam, R.P. and C.E. Diez. 1997. Predation by hawksbill turtles on sponges at Mona Island,
Puerto Rico. Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium
2:1421–1426.
Vicente, V.P. 1990. Overgrowth activity by the encrusting sponge Chondrilla nucula on a
coral reef in Puerto Rico. Pages 36–44 in K. Rützler, editor. New Perspectives in
Sponge Biology. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Williams, N. 1970. A History of the Cayman Islands. The Government of the Cayman Islands,
Grand Cayman. 94 pp.
Williams, S.L. 1988. Thalassia testudinum productivity and grazing by green turtles in a
highly disturbed seagrass bed. Mar. Biol. 98:447–455.
Witherington, B.E. In press. The biological conservation of loggerheads: challenges and
opportunities. In A.B. Bolten and B.E. Witherington, editors. Biology and Conservation of the Loggerhead Sea Turtle. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Witzell, W.N. 1983. Synopsis of biological data on the hawksbill turtle Eretmochelys imbricata
(Linnaeus, 1766). FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 137. Rome. 78 pp.
Wulff, J. 1997. Parrotfish predation on cryptic sponges on Caribbean coral reefs. Mar. Biol.
129:41–52.
Zieman, J.C. 1982. The ecology of the seagrasses of South Florida: a community profile. U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services, Washington, D.C.
Zieman, J.C., J.W. Fourqurean, and T.A. Frankovich. 1999. Seagrass die-off in Florida Bay:
long-term trends in abundance and growth of turtle grass, Thalassia testudinum.
Estuaries 22:460–470.
Zieman, J.C., R.L. Iverson, and J.C. Ogden. 1984. Herbivory effects on Thalassia testudinum
leaf growth and nitrogen content. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 15:151–158.
Zimmerman, L.C. and C.R. Tracy. 1989. Interactions between the environment and ectothermy
and herbivory in reptiles. Physiol. Zool. 62:374–409.
1123 book.book Page 273 Monday, November 11, 2002 11:11 AM