74 3 Non-geometry standards
5. Processing Service (ITPS). An example is the calculation of the average density
of population in a given dataset.
6. Comrnunication Service (ITCS). An example is the provision of map data over the
Internet.
Interface types:
1. Application Programrning Interface (API). All services comrnunicate via the API
with the GIS applications.
2. Human Technology Interface (HTI). The best-known examples are the window
systems on the screen.
3. Information Service Interface (I SI). The ISI establishes the link to all data sources
like the databases where data shall be retrieved.
4. Comrnunications Service Interface (CSI). The CSI is the link between the computer and the network.
5. Network-to-Network interface. This is the network itself.
Antony Cooper is South African. He was born
in Johannesburg and raised in Grahamstown (Eastern Cape), at the centre of where the 1820 SettIers
from Britain were settled. He is a Divisional Fellow in the Information and Comrnunications
Technology Group of the CSIR a statutory research council in Pretoria. Within ISO/TC2ll he
has convened W orking Groups 2 and 7 and acted
as the Head of Delegation for South Africa at
many plenary meetings.
Mr. Cooper hold a BSc, a BSc (Honours) and a
MSc in Computer Science. The majors range from
Cost and Management Accounting to the exchange
of digital geographie data. He has applied his expertise to a wide range of applications, including crime mapping, siting polling
stations, quality assurance, and integrated development planning. In 1999 he and
a colleague won the first prize for the most innovative use of mapping at the first
International Crime Mapping Research Competition in Orlando, Florida.
Mr. Cooper's interests include playing, umpiring and coaching field hockey,
playing cricket, bird watching and genealogical research.
5. Processing Service (ITPS). An example is the calculation of the average density
of population in a given dataset.
6. Comrnunication Service (ITCS). An example is the provision of map data over the
Internet.
Interface types:
1. Application Programrning Interface (API). All services comrnunicate via the API
with the GIS applications.
2. Human Technology Interface (HTI). The best-known examples are the window
systems on the screen.
3. Information Service Interface (I SI). The ISI establishes the link to all data sources
like the databases where data shall be retrieved.
4. Comrnunications Service Interface (CSI). The CSI is the link between the computer and the network.
5. Network-to-Network interface. This is the network itself.
Antony Cooper is South African. He was born
in Johannesburg and raised in Grahamstown (Eastern Cape), at the centre of where the 1820 SettIers
from Britain were settled. He is a Divisional Fellow in the Information and Comrnunications
Technology Group of the CSIR a statutory research council in Pretoria. Within ISO/TC2ll he
has convened W orking Groups 2 and 7 and acted
as the Head of Delegation for South Africa at
many plenary meetings.
Mr. Cooper hold a BSc, a BSc (Honours) and a
MSc in Computer Science. The majors range from
Cost and Management Accounting to the exchange
of digital geographie data. He has applied his expertise to a wide range of applications, including crime mapping, siting polling
stations, quality assurance, and integrated development planning. In 1999 he and
a colleague won the first prize for the most innovative use of mapping at the first
International Crime Mapping Research Competition in Orlando, Florida.
Mr. Cooper's interests include playing, umpiring and coaching field hockey,
playing cricket, bird watching and genealogical research.