412
J. Raper et al.
Conclusions
There is no doubt that GIS offer the coastal manager, engineer or modeller useful tools
for storage, display and analysis. However, in practice the construction of a coastal
database requires a considerable data gathering effort as many of the standard national
mapping or remotely sensed imagery sources are unsuitable for the special needs of the
dynamic coastal zone. The primary data collected or received form other sources
usually requires a secondary restructuring to convert from one data model to another
or to regionalise the data from points to areas. GIS may also need to be interfaced to
modelling systems such as those used to shoal waves in from deep water monitoring
stations.
However, while capture and integration issues are problematic, practical
experience has shown the way to handle these problems- as demonstrated by the Scolt
Head case study in this chapter. The real theoretical problems that must surely define
the key priorities for future research into coastal GIS are concerned with
morphodynamic change. In this area there are all too few methods available to study
the precise issues (such as surface evolution) that may provide some of the answers to
key questions about coastal geomorphological change.
References
Bristow, C., Raper, J., and Livingstone, D. (in prep) Morphodynamic change in a
dynamic spit complex at Scolt Head Island, Norfolk, England. To be
submitted to Geomorphology.
Brunner, J., Dalsted, K. ,and Arimi, A. (1995). The use of aerial video for land
us/land cover characterisation and natural resource management project
impact assessment in Niger. USAID/Niger Research Report, October 9,
1995.
Carter, R.W.G. (1988). Coastal Environments: An Introduction to the Physical
Ecological and Cultural Systems of Coastlines. London, Academic Press.
Cooper, R., McCarthy, T., and Raper, J.F. (1995). Airborne Videography and GPS.
Earth Observation 4 (11), 53-55.
King, D.J. (1996). Airborne Multispectral Digital Camera and Video Sensors: A
Critical Review of System Designs and Applications. Canadian Journal of
Remote Sensing. September 1996, 100-119.
Green, D., and Morton, D.C. (1994). Acquiring environmental remotely sensed data
from model aircraft for input to GIS, Proceedings of AGI ‘94, 15.3.1-27.
Gold, C. (1989). Surface interpolation, spatial adjacency and GIS. In, Raper, J.F. (Ed.)
Three Dimensional Applications of GIS, 21-36.
Koh, A., and Edwards, E. (1996). Integrating GPS data with fly-on-demand digital
imagery for coastal zone management, Proceedings of AGI ‘96, 6.1.1-5
Livingstone, D.L., Raper, J.F, and McCarthy, T.M. (1999). Integrating aerial
videography and digital photography with terrain modelling.
Geomorphology, Vol. 29(1-2), 77-92.
J. Raper et al.
Conclusions
There is no doubt that GIS offer the coastal manager, engineer or modeller useful tools
for storage, display and analysis. However, in practice the construction of a coastal
database requires a considerable data gathering effort as many of the standard national
mapping or remotely sensed imagery sources are unsuitable for the special needs of the
dynamic coastal zone. The primary data collected or received form other sources
usually requires a secondary restructuring to convert from one data model to another
or to regionalise the data from points to areas. GIS may also need to be interfaced to
modelling systems such as those used to shoal waves in from deep water monitoring
stations.
However, while capture and integration issues are problematic, practical
experience has shown the way to handle these problems- as demonstrated by the Scolt
Head case study in this chapter. The real theoretical problems that must surely define
the key priorities for future research into coastal GIS are concerned with
morphodynamic change. In this area there are all too few methods available to study
the precise issues (such as surface evolution) that may provide some of the answers to
key questions about coastal geomorphological change.
References
Bristow, C., Raper, J., and Livingstone, D. (in prep) Morphodynamic change in a
dynamic spit complex at Scolt Head Island, Norfolk, England. To be
submitted to Geomorphology.
Brunner, J., Dalsted, K. ,and Arimi, A. (1995). The use of aerial video for land
us/land cover characterisation and natural resource management project
impact assessment in Niger. USAID/Niger Research Report, October 9,
1995.
Carter, R.W.G. (1988). Coastal Environments: An Introduction to the Physical
Ecological and Cultural Systems of Coastlines. London, Academic Press.
Cooper, R., McCarthy, T., and Raper, J.F. (1995). Airborne Videography and GPS.
Earth Observation 4 (11), 53-55.
King, D.J. (1996). Airborne Multispectral Digital Camera and Video Sensors: A
Critical Review of System Designs and Applications. Canadian Journal of
Remote Sensing. September 1996, 100-119.
Green, D., and Morton, D.C. (1994). Acquiring environmental remotely sensed data
from model aircraft for input to GIS, Proceedings of AGI ‘94, 15.3.1-27.
Gold, C. (1989). Surface interpolation, spatial adjacency and GIS. In, Raper, J.F. (Ed.)
Three Dimensional Applications of GIS, 21-36.
Koh, A., and Edwards, E. (1996). Integrating GPS data with fly-on-demand digital
imagery for coastal zone management, Proceedings of AGI ‘96, 6.1.1-5
Livingstone, D.L., Raper, J.F, and McCarthy, T.M. (1999). Integrating aerial
videography and digital photography with terrain modelling.
Geomorphology, Vol. 29(1-2), 77-92.