Pesticides for Stored Products
253
However, they cannot be applied simply and effectively as can volatile fumigants.
When their action is well understood, simple methods of application will be
devised, but at present the use of these materials is not yet a practical alternative
for insect control. This is unfortunate, since the problems of potentially harmful
residues and developing insect resistance limit the time available to us for discovery of substitutes for many conventional fumigants.
REFERENCES
Alumot, E., Nachtomi, E., Bielorai, R., and Harduf, Z., 1974, Significance of fumigant residues
in animal feed, in: Isotope Tracer Studies of Chemical Residues in Food and the Agricultural
Environment, pp. 3-10, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna.
Amir, D., and Volcani, R., 1965, Effect of dietary ethylene dibromide on bull semen, Nature
(London) 206:99.
Baker, E. L., Jr., Zack, M., Miles, J. W., Alderman, L., Warren, M., Dobbin, R. D., Miller, S.,
and Teeters, W. R., 1978, Epidemic malathion poisoning in Pakistan malaria workers, Lancet
1978-1:31.
Barak, A. V., and Burkholder, W. E., 1976, Trapping studies with dermestid sex pheromones,
Environ. Entomol. 5:111.
Bierer, B. W., and Vickers, C. L., 1959, The effect on egg size and production of fungicide-treated
and fumigated grains fed to hens, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 134:452.
Brady, U. E., Jay, E. G., Redlinger, L. M., and Pearman, G., 1975, Mating activity of Plodia
interpunctella and Codra cautella during exposure to synthetic sex pheromone in the field,
Environ. Entomol. 4:441.
Bridges, R. G., 1955, The fate of labelled insecticide residues in food products. III. N-Methylation
as a result of fumigating wheat with methyl bromide, J. Sci. Food Agric. 6:261.
Brieger, G., 1973, Juvenile hormone analogue in diet of the waxmoth Galleria mellonella, Naturwissenschaften 60:261.
Brown, A. W. A., 1977, The progression of resistance mechanisms developed against insecticides,
in: Pesticide Chemistry in the 20th Century (1. R. Plimmer, ed.), pp. 21-38. ACS Symposium
Series No. 37, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C.
Burkholder, W. E., 1973, Black carpet beetle: Reduction of mating by megatomoic acid, the sex
pheromone, J. Econ. Entomol. 66:1327.
Burkholder, W. E., 1976, Applications of pheromones for manipulating insect pests of stored
products, in: Insect Pheromones and Their Applications (T. Kono and S. Ishii, eds.), pp.
111-122, Proceedings of a Symposium, Nagaoka and Tokyo, Japan, December 8-11, 1976,
Japan Plant Protection Association, Tokyo.
Burkholder, W. E., 1977, Manipulation of insect pests of stored products, in: Chemical Control of
Insect Behavior (H. H. Shorey and J. J. McKelvey, Jr., eds.), pp. 345-351, Wiley, New York.
Champ, B. R., and Dyte, C. E., 1976, Report of the FAO Global Survey of Pesticide Susceptibility
of Stored Grain Pests, FAO Plant Production and Protection Series No.5, Rome.
Cotton, R. T., and Ashby, W., 1952, Insect pests ofstored grains and seed, in: Insects, pp. 620-639,
1952 Yearbook of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
Delong, D. M., 1962, Beer cases and soft drink cartons as insect distributors, Pest Control 30(7): 14.
Dyte, C. E., 1972, Resistance to synthetic juvenile hormone in a strain of the flour beetle, Tribalium
castaneum, Nature (London) 238:48.
253
However, they cannot be applied simply and effectively as can volatile fumigants.
When their action is well understood, simple methods of application will be
devised, but at present the use of these materials is not yet a practical alternative
for insect control. This is unfortunate, since the problems of potentially harmful
residues and developing insect resistance limit the time available to us for discovery of substitutes for many conventional fumigants.
REFERENCES
Alumot, E., Nachtomi, E., Bielorai, R., and Harduf, Z., 1974, Significance of fumigant residues
in animal feed, in: Isotope Tracer Studies of Chemical Residues in Food and the Agricultural
Environment, pp. 3-10, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna.
Amir, D., and Volcani, R., 1965, Effect of dietary ethylene dibromide on bull semen, Nature
(London) 206:99.
Baker, E. L., Jr., Zack, M., Miles, J. W., Alderman, L., Warren, M., Dobbin, R. D., Miller, S.,
and Teeters, W. R., 1978, Epidemic malathion poisoning in Pakistan malaria workers, Lancet
1978-1:31.
Barak, A. V., and Burkholder, W. E., 1976, Trapping studies with dermestid sex pheromones,
Environ. Entomol. 5:111.
Bierer, B. W., and Vickers, C. L., 1959, The effect on egg size and production of fungicide-treated
and fumigated grains fed to hens, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 134:452.
Brady, U. E., Jay, E. G., Redlinger, L. M., and Pearman, G., 1975, Mating activity of Plodia
interpunctella and Codra cautella during exposure to synthetic sex pheromone in the field,
Environ. Entomol. 4:441.
Bridges, R. G., 1955, The fate of labelled insecticide residues in food products. III. N-Methylation
as a result of fumigating wheat with methyl bromide, J. Sci. Food Agric. 6:261.
Brieger, G., 1973, Juvenile hormone analogue in diet of the waxmoth Galleria mellonella, Naturwissenschaften 60:261.
Brown, A. W. A., 1977, The progression of resistance mechanisms developed against insecticides,
in: Pesticide Chemistry in the 20th Century (1. R. Plimmer, ed.), pp. 21-38. ACS Symposium
Series No. 37, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C.
Burkholder, W. E., 1973, Black carpet beetle: Reduction of mating by megatomoic acid, the sex
pheromone, J. Econ. Entomol. 66:1327.
Burkholder, W. E., 1976, Applications of pheromones for manipulating insect pests of stored
products, in: Insect Pheromones and Their Applications (T. Kono and S. Ishii, eds.), pp.
111-122, Proceedings of a Symposium, Nagaoka and Tokyo, Japan, December 8-11, 1976,
Japan Plant Protection Association, Tokyo.
Burkholder, W. E., 1977, Manipulation of insect pests of stored products, in: Chemical Control of
Insect Behavior (H. H. Shorey and J. J. McKelvey, Jr., eds.), pp. 345-351, Wiley, New York.
Champ, B. R., and Dyte, C. E., 1976, Report of the FAO Global Survey of Pesticide Susceptibility
of Stored Grain Pests, FAO Plant Production and Protection Series No.5, Rome.
Cotton, R. T., and Ashby, W., 1952, Insect pests ofstored grains and seed, in: Insects, pp. 620-639,
1952 Yearbook of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
Delong, D. M., 1962, Beer cases and soft drink cartons as insect distributors, Pest Control 30(7): 14.
Dyte, C. E., 1972, Resistance to synthetic juvenile hormone in a strain of the flour beetle, Tribalium
castaneum, Nature (London) 238:48.