176
A.C.A. da Costa
enzymatic apparatus to reduce them to volatile mercury; zinc-resistant Chlorella
cells did not show resistance to the presence of mercury, indicating that a specific
enzymatic system should be involved in mercury reduction (de Filippis 1978).
Other works also describe the interaction of mercury with microalgal strains
(Ben-Bassat and Mayer 1975, 1977; Crist et al. 1981), as previously mentioned.
References
Ben-Bassat D, Mayer AM (1975) Volatilization of mercury by algae. Physiol Plant 33:128-132
Ben-Bassat D, Mayer AM (1977) Reduction of mercury chloride by Chiorella: evidence for a reducing
factor. Physiol Plant 40:157-162
Bergter EB, Gorin PAJ (1983) Structural chemistry of polysaccharides from fungi and lichens. Adv
Carbohyd Chern Biochem 41:67-101
Beveridge TJ (1981) Ultrastructure, chemistry, and function of the bacterial wall. Int Rev Cytol 72:229317
Beveridge TJ (1986) The immobilization of soluble metals by bacterial walls. Biotechnol Bioeng Symp
16:127-139
Beveridge TJ (1988) The bacterial surface: general considerations towards design and function. Can J
Microbiol 34:363-372
Beveridge TJ (1989) Role of cellular design in bacterial metal accumulation and mineralization. Annu
Rev Microbiol 43:147-171
Beveridge TJ, Murray RGE (1976) Uptake and retention of metals by cell walls of Bacillus subtilis. J
Bacteriol 127:1502-1518
Beveridge TJ, Murray RGE (1980) Sites of metal deposition in the cell wall of Bacillus subtilis. J
Bacteriol 141:876-887
Bharathi PAL, Sathe V, Chandramohan D (1990) Effect oflead, mercury and cadmium on a sulphatereducing bacterium. Environ Pollut 67:361-374
Bold HC, Wynne MJ (1983) Divisions cyanophyta and prochlorophyta. In: Bold HC, Wynne MJ (eds)
Introduction to the algae. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, PP 34-59
Brady D, Stoll AD, Starke L, Duncan JR (1994) Chemical and enzymatic extraction of heavy metal
binding polymers from isolated cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnol Bioeng 44:297302
Brawley SH, Wetherbee R (1981) Cytology and ultrastructure. The biology of seaweeds. Bot Monogr 17:
248-299
Brock TD, Madigan MT, Martinko JM, Parker J (1994) Molecular systematics and microbial evolution.
In: Brock TD, Madigan MT, Martinko JM, Parker J (eds) Biology of microorganisms. Prentice Hall,
New York, pp 692-717
Brunker RL, Bott TL (1974) Reduction of mercury to the elemental state by a yeast. Appl Microbiol
27:870-874
Cordery J, Wills AJ, Atkinson K, Wills BA (1994) Extraction and recovery of silver from low-grade
liquors using micro algae. Min Eng 7:1003-1015
Crist RH, Oberholser K, Shank N, Nguyen M (1981) Nature of bonding between metallic ions and algal
cell walls. Environ Sci TechnoI15:1212-1217
da Costa ACA, de Frans:a FP (1996a) Cadmium uptake by biosorbent seaweeds: adsorption isotherms
and some process conditions. Sep Sci Technol 31:2373-2393
da Costa ACA, de Frans:a FP (1996b) The use of seaweeds as immobilization supports for
microorganisms used in continuous cadmium biosorption. Biotechnol Tech 10:761-768
da Costa ACA, de Frans:a FP (1996c) Cadmium uptake by Spirulina maxima. World J Microbiol
Biotechnol (In press)
da Costa ACA, de Frans:a FP (1997) Biosorption of zinc, cadmium, and copper by a brown seaweed
(Sargassum sp.) in a continuous fixed-bed laboratory reactor. Bioseparation 6:1-7
da Costa ACA, Leite SGF (1993) The effect of alginic matrix on cadmium uptake by an immobilized
green microalgae. Rev Microbiol 24:149-151
A.C.A. da Costa
enzymatic apparatus to reduce them to volatile mercury; zinc-resistant Chlorella
cells did not show resistance to the presence of mercury, indicating that a specific
enzymatic system should be involved in mercury reduction (de Filippis 1978).
Other works also describe the interaction of mercury with microalgal strains
(Ben-Bassat and Mayer 1975, 1977; Crist et al. 1981), as previously mentioned.
References
Ben-Bassat D, Mayer AM (1975) Volatilization of mercury by algae. Physiol Plant 33:128-132
Ben-Bassat D, Mayer AM (1977) Reduction of mercury chloride by Chiorella: evidence for a reducing
factor. Physiol Plant 40:157-162
Bergter EB, Gorin PAJ (1983) Structural chemistry of polysaccharides from fungi and lichens. Adv
Carbohyd Chern Biochem 41:67-101
Beveridge TJ (1981) Ultrastructure, chemistry, and function of the bacterial wall. Int Rev Cytol 72:229317
Beveridge TJ (1986) The immobilization of soluble metals by bacterial walls. Biotechnol Bioeng Symp
16:127-139
Beveridge TJ (1988) The bacterial surface: general considerations towards design and function. Can J
Microbiol 34:363-372
Beveridge TJ (1989) Role of cellular design in bacterial metal accumulation and mineralization. Annu
Rev Microbiol 43:147-171
Beveridge TJ, Murray RGE (1976) Uptake and retention of metals by cell walls of Bacillus subtilis. J
Bacteriol 127:1502-1518
Beveridge TJ, Murray RGE (1980) Sites of metal deposition in the cell wall of Bacillus subtilis. J
Bacteriol 141:876-887
Bharathi PAL, Sathe V, Chandramohan D (1990) Effect oflead, mercury and cadmium on a sulphatereducing bacterium. Environ Pollut 67:361-374
Bold HC, Wynne MJ (1983) Divisions cyanophyta and prochlorophyta. In: Bold HC, Wynne MJ (eds)
Introduction to the algae. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, PP 34-59
Brady D, Stoll AD, Starke L, Duncan JR (1994) Chemical and enzymatic extraction of heavy metal
binding polymers from isolated cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnol Bioeng 44:297302
Brawley SH, Wetherbee R (1981) Cytology and ultrastructure. The biology of seaweeds. Bot Monogr 17:
248-299
Brock TD, Madigan MT, Martinko JM, Parker J (1994) Molecular systematics and microbial evolution.
In: Brock TD, Madigan MT, Martinko JM, Parker J (eds) Biology of microorganisms. Prentice Hall,
New York, pp 692-717
Brunker RL, Bott TL (1974) Reduction of mercury to the elemental state by a yeast. Appl Microbiol
27:870-874
Cordery J, Wills AJ, Atkinson K, Wills BA (1994) Extraction and recovery of silver from low-grade
liquors using micro algae. Min Eng 7:1003-1015
Crist RH, Oberholser K, Shank N, Nguyen M (1981) Nature of bonding between metallic ions and algal
cell walls. Environ Sci TechnoI15:1212-1217
da Costa ACA, de Frans:a FP (1996a) Cadmium uptake by biosorbent seaweeds: adsorption isotherms
and some process conditions. Sep Sci Technol 31:2373-2393
da Costa ACA, de Frans:a FP (1996b) The use of seaweeds as immobilization supports for
microorganisms used in continuous cadmium biosorption. Biotechnol Tech 10:761-768
da Costa ACA, de Frans:a FP (1996c) Cadmium uptake by Spirulina maxima. World J Microbiol
Biotechnol (In press)
da Costa ACA, de Frans:a FP (1997) Biosorption of zinc, cadmium, and copper by a brown seaweed
(Sargassum sp.) in a continuous fixed-bed laboratory reactor. Bioseparation 6:1-7
da Costa ACA, Leite SGF (1993) The effect of alginic matrix on cadmium uptake by an immobilized
green microalgae. Rev Microbiol 24:149-151