614
Discussion
methods of treatment such as coagulation, but PCB is not destroyed. We destroyed PCB by irradiation.
You disregarded this fact; therefore the cost of the irradiation method cannot unreasonably be
compared with the coagulation method.
The toxicity tests were carried out at the 100 ppb of PCB (KC 300) in water solution, and I would
like to study the lower levels of 1 or 0.1 ppb of PCB solutions.
I. Unger, Canada
There are over 240 isomers of PCB. Thus the products will be incredibly complex and must be
identified. Using y rays you are bound to smash everything. The PCBs all show strong absorption in
the uv starting at about 2800 Δ, why not use a frequency doubled tunable dye laser to destroy the
PCB?
Rodier, France
Given the high dosage used by the authors for destroying the PCB, the cost of the treatment may
be derived (a) for the investment required to protect against radiation (b) renewal of Cobalt 60
calculated from its half life (c) operational costs for the radiolysis process. What method is used to
measure the dose received by the PCB solutions?
Reply
The cost of irradiation treatment is 2 cents per ton or about 8 cents per 1000 gallons to deliver
0.01 MradusingCo-60.
The concentration of PCB present in the raw water of water supplies ranges for 0.1 ppb to 1.0 ppb.
Such low concentration of PCB might be treated fully with 0.01 Mrad, because the lower the concentration of pollutants in water, the smaller dose is necessary to reduce. The following table gives
data for estimating the cost of irradiation.
Irradiation cost of water
•Total investment cost
¥ 2884000000 yen
Treatment water Volume
2.4x10
5 ton/day
Loading Co-60 Vol.
l . l x l O
7 Ci
Co-60 cost/1 Ci
¥ 200 yen
Utilization rate
90%
a)
Total facilities cost Y 6.84xl0
8 yen
declining balance of depreciation (fixed repayment)
at an annual interest of 7%
Y 0.61 yen
Loading Co-60 sources cost Y 2.2x10
9 yen
declining balance of depreciation
at an annual interest of 5%
Y 1.39 yen
Co-60 source supply cost
loading volume of 12.5%/year
Y 3.84 yen
c)
Operation cost
electric current, water and facilities costs of 1%
Y 0.09 yen
Labor cost
facilities cost of 1.5%
Y 0.13 yen
Insurance rate(fee)
tax, insurance fee and facilities cost of 3%
Y 0.26 yen
The irradiation cost of water/ton using upper costs
Y 5.96 yen
The dose is measured from the expression Co-60 power x distance (dose rate) x irradiated time
Discussion
methods of treatment such as coagulation, but PCB is not destroyed. We destroyed PCB by irradiation.
You disregarded this fact; therefore the cost of the irradiation method cannot unreasonably be
compared with the coagulation method.
The toxicity tests were carried out at the 100 ppb of PCB (KC 300) in water solution, and I would
like to study the lower levels of 1 or 0.1 ppb of PCB solutions.
I. Unger, Canada
There are over 240 isomers of PCB. Thus the products will be incredibly complex and must be
identified. Using y rays you are bound to smash everything. The PCBs all show strong absorption in
the uv starting at about 2800 Δ, why not use a frequency doubled tunable dye laser to destroy the
PCB?
Rodier, France
Given the high dosage used by the authors for destroying the PCB, the cost of the treatment may
be derived (a) for the investment required to protect against radiation (b) renewal of Cobalt 60
calculated from its half life (c) operational costs for the radiolysis process. What method is used to
measure the dose received by the PCB solutions?
Reply
The cost of irradiation treatment is 2 cents per ton or about 8 cents per 1000 gallons to deliver
0.01 MradusingCo-60.
The concentration of PCB present in the raw water of water supplies ranges for 0.1 ppb to 1.0 ppb.
Such low concentration of PCB might be treated fully with 0.01 Mrad, because the lower the concentration of pollutants in water, the smaller dose is necessary to reduce. The following table gives
data for estimating the cost of irradiation.
Irradiation cost of water
•Total investment cost
¥ 2884000000 yen
Treatment water Volume
2.4x10
5 ton/day
Loading Co-60 Vol.
l . l x l O
7 Ci
Co-60 cost/1 Ci
¥ 200 yen
Utilization rate
90%
a)
Total facilities cost Y 6.84xl0
8 yen
declining balance of depreciation (fixed repayment)
at an annual interest of 7%
Y 0.61 yen
Loading Co-60 sources cost Y 2.2x10
9 yen
declining balance of depreciation
at an annual interest of 5%
Y 1.39 yen
Co-60 source supply cost
loading volume of 12.5%/year
Y 3.84 yen
c)
Operation cost
electric current, water and facilities costs of 1%
Y 0.09 yen
Labor cost
facilities cost of 1.5%
Y 0.13 yen
Insurance rate(fee)
tax, insurance fee and facilities cost of 3%
Y 0.26 yen
The irradiation cost of water/ton using upper costs
Y 5.96 yen
The dose is measured from the expression Co-60 power x distance (dose rate) x irradiated time