Contents
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7.10 Combined Forced and Free Convection
7.1 1 Conductance Ratios
7.12 Determining the Characteristic Dimension of an Object
7.13 Free Stream Turbulence
Summary of Formulae for Conductance
References
Problems
Chapter 8 Heat Flow in the Soil
8.1 Heat Flow and Storage in Soil
8.2 Thermal Properties of Soils: Volumetric Heat Capacity
8.3 Thermal Properties of Soils: Thermal Conductivity
8.4 Thermal Diffusivity and Admittance of Soils
8.5 Heat Transfer from Animals to a Substrate
References
Problems
Chapter 9 Water Flow in Soil
9.1 The Hydraulic Conductivity
9.2 Infiltration of Water into Soil
9.3 Redistribution of Water in Soil
9.4 Evaporation from the Soil Surface
9.5 Transpiration and Plant Water Uptake
9.6 The Water Balance
References
Problems
Chapter 10 Radiation Basics
10.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
10.2 Blackbody Radiation
10.3 Definitions
10.4 The Cosine Law
10.5 Attenuation of Radiation
10.6 Spectral Distribution of Blackbody Radiation
10.7 Spectral Distribution of Solar and Thermal Radiation
10.8 Radiant Emittance
References
Problems
Chapter 11 Radiation Fluxes in Natural Environments
1 1.1 Sun Angles and Daylength
1 1.2 Estimating Direct and Diffuse Short-wave Irradiance
1 1.3 Solar Radiation under Clouds
1 1.4 Radiation Balance
11.5 Absorptivities for Thermal and Solar Radiation