Western Caribbean
1A5
of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Mianni. USA. 267-272.
Shulnnan MJ, Robertson DR (19961. Changes in the coral reefs
of San-Blas, Caribbean Panama- 1983 to 1990. Coral Reefs
15141:231-236.
COLOMBIA AND ECUADOR
Acosta A (19941. Contammalion gradient and its effect on the
coral community structure in the Santa Marta Area,
Colombian Caribbean. In: Ginsburg RN ledl. Proceedings of
tt^e Colloquium on Global Aspects of Coral Reefs: Healtfi.
Hazards and History, 1993. University of Miami, Miami,
Florida, USA. 233-239.
Diaz JM (edi (20001. Areas Coratinas de Colombia. Instituto de
Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (INVEMARI, Santa
Marta, Colombia.
Diaz JM, Garzon-Ferreira J. Zea S (1995al. Los Arrecifes
Coralinos de la Ista de San Andres, Colombia: Estado
actual y perspecitvas para su conservacion. Academia
Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Maturates.
Santafe de Bogata
Diaz JM, Sanchez JA, Zea S, Garzon-Ferreira J (1995bl.
Morphology and marine habitats of two southwestern
Caribbean atolls: Albuquerque and Courtown. Atoll Res Bull
435: 1-33.
Garzon-Ferreira
J,
Kietman
M (1994). Extensive
mortality of corals in the Colombian Caribbean during the
past two decades. In: Ginsburg RN led). Proceedings of tfie
Colloquium on Global Aspects of Coral Reefs: Healtti,
Hazards and History, 1993. University of Miami. Miami,
Florida, USA. 247-253.
Glynn PW, Colley SB et al (19941. Reef coral reproduction
in
the Eastern Pacific - Costa Rica, Panama, and
Galapagos-Islands (Ecuador!, 2. Poritidae. f^ar Biol 1 18(21:
191-208.
Zea S, Geister J, Garzon-Ferreira J, Diaz JM (19991. Biotic
changes in the reef complex of San Andres Island
(southwestern Caribbean Sea, Colombia! occurring over
nearly three decades. Atoll Res Bull: 1-16.
CUBA
Alcolado PM, Herrera-Moreno A. Martinez-Estalella N (1994!.
Sessile communities as environmental bio-monitors in
Cuban coral reefs. In: Ginsburg RN ledl. Proceedings of the
Colloquium on Global Aspects of Coral Reefs: Health,
Hazards and History, 1993. University of Miami, Miami,
Florida, USA. 27-33.
Alcolado PM, Claro R, Menendez G, Martinez-Daranas B
(1997!. General status of Cuban coral reefs. Proc 8th Int
Coral ReefSymp: 341-344.
Williams D (1999!, Diving and Snorkelling Cuba. Lonely Planet
Publications, Hawthorn, Australia.
JAMAICA
Brucl
Bay, Jamaica. Bull MarSc/61(3!: 919-928.
Goreau TF (1959!. The ecology of Jamaican coral reefs. I.
Species composition and zonation. Ecology AO: 67-90.
Hughes TP (1994). Catastrophes, phase-shifts, and large-scale
degradation of a Caribbean coral reef. Science 265(51781:
1547-1551.
Sary Z, Oxenford HA et al (1997). Effects of an increase in trap
mesh size on an overexploited coral reef fishery at Discovery
Bay, Jamaica, fvlar Ecol Prog Ser ]bi: 107-120.
THE CAYMAN ISLANDS
Blanchon P, Jones B et al (1997). Anatomy of a fringing reef
around Grand Cayman: storm rubble, not coral framework
J Sedimentary Res 67\] PlAI: 1-16.
Ghiold J, Smith SH (1990). Bleaching and recovery of deepwater, reef-dwelling invertebrates in the Cayman Islands,
BWI. Car/fc J So 261 1-21: 52-61.
Jones B, Hunter KG, Hunter NG, Hunter IG (1997). Geology and
hydrogeology of the Cayman Islands. In: Vacher ML, Quinn T
(edsl. Developments in Sedimentology, 54: Geology and
Hydrology of Carbonate Islands. Elsevier Science BV,
Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Map sources
Maps 5a and 5b
For the Yucatan Peninsula, reefs and coastline have been
combined from Hydrographic Office (1995) and JordanDahlgren (19931. Sources for the former include various finer
resolution charts and surveys from 1820-47 and 1980-1989,
while the latter is based on multiple high resolution sources,
combined with expert knowledge, transferred onto maps at a
scale of 1:250 000 base maps for the mainland coast, but not
offshore reefs. Further reefs have been added, largely for the
Gulf of Mexico, using maps at various scales presented in
Bezaury-Creel et al (1997). Additional point data for small
named reefs in the eastern Bahia de Campeche and the
Campeche Bank have been added using geographic coordinates from the same report. The reefs off Cozumel island
are approximate, and are based on a tourist map of the island.
Data for the Pacific Coast are largely taken from UNEP/IUCN
(1988a)*, which was prepared at a scale of 1:10 000 000.
Bezaury-Creel J, Macias Ordonez R, Garcia Beltran G, Castillo
Arenas G, Pardo Caicedo N. Ibarra Navarro R, Loreto Viruet
A (1997). Implementation of the International Coral Reef
Initiative (ICRII in Mexico. Commission for Environmental
Cooperation (CEC). In: The International Coral Reef Initiative
- The Status of Coral Reefs in Mexico and the United States
Gulf of Mexico. Amigos de Sian Kaan AC, CINVE5TAV, NCAA,
CEC, and The Nature Conservancy.
http://benthos, cox. miami.edu/mexico/icri/home. htm
Hydrographic Office (1995). Gulf of Honduras and Yucatan
Channel British Admiralty Chart No. 1220. 1:1 000 000. May
1995. Taunton, UK.
Jordan-Dahlgren E (1993). 4f/as de los Arrecifes Coralinos del
Caribe Mexicano. Parte 1. El Sistema Continental. CIQROOUNAM.
Map 5c
Coral reef and mangrove data are taken from Gibson et al
(19931, data originally prepared at the World Conservation
Monitoring Centre. Some further detail of reefs and coastline
has been appended from Hydrographic Office (1989a, 1989b,
and 1989c].
Gibson JP, Price ARG, Young E (1993). Guidelines for
Developing a Coastal Zone Management Plan for Belize: The
GIS Database. A Marine Conservation and Development
Report. lUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
Hydrographic Office (1989a). Belize, Colson Point to Belize City,
including Lighthouse Reef and Turneffe Islands. British
Admiralty Chart No. 959. 1:125 000. October 1989. Taunton, UK.
Hydrographic Office (1989b). Gulf of Honduras. British Admiralty
Chart No. 1573. 1:125 000. October 1989. Taunton, UK.
1A5
of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Mianni. USA. 267-272.
Shulnnan MJ, Robertson DR (19961. Changes in the coral reefs
of San-Blas, Caribbean Panama- 1983 to 1990. Coral Reefs
15141:231-236.
COLOMBIA AND ECUADOR
Acosta A (19941. Contammalion gradient and its effect on the
coral community structure in the Santa Marta Area,
Colombian Caribbean. In: Ginsburg RN ledl. Proceedings of
tt^e Colloquium on Global Aspects of Coral Reefs: Healtfi.
Hazards and History, 1993. University of Miami, Miami,
Florida, USA. 233-239.
Diaz JM (edi (20001. Areas Coratinas de Colombia. Instituto de
Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (INVEMARI, Santa
Marta, Colombia.
Diaz JM, Garzon-Ferreira J. Zea S (1995al. Los Arrecifes
Coralinos de la Ista de San Andres, Colombia: Estado
actual y perspecitvas para su conservacion. Academia
Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Maturates.
Santafe de Bogata
Diaz JM, Sanchez JA, Zea S, Garzon-Ferreira J (1995bl.
Morphology and marine habitats of two southwestern
Caribbean atolls: Albuquerque and Courtown. Atoll Res Bull
435: 1-33.
Garzon-Ferreira
J,
Kietman
M (1994). Extensive
mortality of corals in the Colombian Caribbean during the
past two decades. In: Ginsburg RN led). Proceedings of tfie
Colloquium on Global Aspects of Coral Reefs: Healtti,
Hazards and History, 1993. University of Miami. Miami,
Florida, USA. 247-253.
Glynn PW, Colley SB et al (19941. Reef coral reproduction
in
the Eastern Pacific - Costa Rica, Panama, and
Galapagos-Islands (Ecuador!, 2. Poritidae. f^ar Biol 1 18(21:
191-208.
Zea S, Geister J, Garzon-Ferreira J, Diaz JM (19991. Biotic
changes in the reef complex of San Andres Island
(southwestern Caribbean Sea, Colombia! occurring over
nearly three decades. Atoll Res Bull: 1-16.
CUBA
Alcolado PM, Herrera-Moreno A. Martinez-Estalella N (1994!.
Sessile communities as environmental bio-monitors in
Cuban coral reefs. In: Ginsburg RN ledl. Proceedings of the
Colloquium on Global Aspects of Coral Reefs: Health,
Hazards and History, 1993. University of Miami, Miami,
Florida, USA. 27-33.
Alcolado PM, Claro R, Menendez G, Martinez-Daranas B
(1997!. General status of Cuban coral reefs. Proc 8th Int
Coral ReefSymp: 341-344.
Williams D (1999!, Diving and Snorkelling Cuba. Lonely Planet
Publications, Hawthorn, Australia.
JAMAICA
Brucl
Bay, Jamaica. Bull MarSc/61(3!: 919-928.
Goreau TF (1959!. The ecology of Jamaican coral reefs. I.
Species composition and zonation. Ecology AO: 67-90.
Hughes TP (1994). Catastrophes, phase-shifts, and large-scale
degradation of a Caribbean coral reef. Science 265(51781:
1547-1551.
Sary Z, Oxenford HA et al (1997). Effects of an increase in trap
mesh size on an overexploited coral reef fishery at Discovery
Bay, Jamaica, fvlar Ecol Prog Ser ]bi: 107-120.
THE CAYMAN ISLANDS
Blanchon P, Jones B et al (1997). Anatomy of a fringing reef
around Grand Cayman: storm rubble, not coral framework
J Sedimentary Res 67\] PlAI: 1-16.
Ghiold J, Smith SH (1990). Bleaching and recovery of deepwater, reef-dwelling invertebrates in the Cayman Islands,
BWI. Car/fc J So 261 1-21: 52-61.
Jones B, Hunter KG, Hunter NG, Hunter IG (1997). Geology and
hydrogeology of the Cayman Islands. In: Vacher ML, Quinn T
(edsl. Developments in Sedimentology, 54: Geology and
Hydrology of Carbonate Islands. Elsevier Science BV,
Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Map sources
Maps 5a and 5b
For the Yucatan Peninsula, reefs and coastline have been
combined from Hydrographic Office (1995) and JordanDahlgren (19931. Sources for the former include various finer
resolution charts and surveys from 1820-47 and 1980-1989,
while the latter is based on multiple high resolution sources,
combined with expert knowledge, transferred onto maps at a
scale of 1:250 000 base maps for the mainland coast, but not
offshore reefs. Further reefs have been added, largely for the
Gulf of Mexico, using maps at various scales presented in
Bezaury-Creel et al (1997). Additional point data for small
named reefs in the eastern Bahia de Campeche and the
Campeche Bank have been added using geographic coordinates from the same report. The reefs off Cozumel island
are approximate, and are based on a tourist map of the island.
Data for the Pacific Coast are largely taken from UNEP/IUCN
(1988a)*, which was prepared at a scale of 1:10 000 000.
Bezaury-Creel J, Macias Ordonez R, Garcia Beltran G, Castillo
Arenas G, Pardo Caicedo N. Ibarra Navarro R, Loreto Viruet
A (1997). Implementation of the International Coral Reef
Initiative (ICRII in Mexico. Commission for Environmental
Cooperation (CEC). In: The International Coral Reef Initiative
- The Status of Coral Reefs in Mexico and the United States
Gulf of Mexico. Amigos de Sian Kaan AC, CINVE5TAV, NCAA,
CEC, and The Nature Conservancy.
http://benthos, cox. miami.edu/mexico/icri/home. htm
Hydrographic Office (1995). Gulf of Honduras and Yucatan
Channel British Admiralty Chart No. 1220. 1:1 000 000. May
1995. Taunton, UK.
Jordan-Dahlgren E (1993). 4f/as de los Arrecifes Coralinos del
Caribe Mexicano. Parte 1. El Sistema Continental. CIQROOUNAM.
Map 5c
Coral reef and mangrove data are taken from Gibson et al
(19931, data originally prepared at the World Conservation
Monitoring Centre. Some further detail of reefs and coastline
has been appended from Hydrographic Office (1989a, 1989b,
and 1989c].
Gibson JP, Price ARG, Young E (1993). Guidelines for
Developing a Coastal Zone Management Plan for Belize: The
GIS Database. A Marine Conservation and Development
Report. lUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
Hydrographic Office (1989a). Belize, Colson Point to Belize City,
including Lighthouse Reef and Turneffe Islands. British
Admiralty Chart No. 959. 1:125 000. October 1989. Taunton, UK.
Hydrographic Office (1989b). Gulf of Honduras. British Admiralty
Chart No. 1573. 1:125 000. October 1989. Taunton, UK.