Table 3
:
Average + SD of gross primary production (GP), bacterial
‘
”“
(BP), fish productiOn (F) and of their efficiencies (EE x 100 ;
,
‘
;
'
“
:
FP
‘
‘
<
-.
.
.
!
îŸËÎÏÏŸ…&Î
.x
_100) in different fish pond mangement
.
»
‘GP
+.
.
'
“
in gÇ/mZ/d) (from Olah et al., 1986).
.
,
…
.
.
,
,
'
’
ÏÎÏ:ÎÎÈZ
_
g
._
.
FP
FP
,
…_
Fertilizerè*
.
‘
“'GP
BP
‘
'
FP
__
X
(n
—
‘
'
*
GP
GP
+
BP "
Inorganic
'
'
3.3
1.26
0.07
2.32
1.78
(4)
'
+
2.3
+
1.15
+
0.04
Î
0.53
Î
0.49
*ËiÏÿfî
Domestic sewage
0.11
3.37
,1.84
,
r…
(6)
Î
1.75
î
Î
0.01
+
1.48
Î
0.46
,
Manure
'
0.21
4.15
(4)
'
λ
1105
…,:YÎ 0.07
+
2.25
+
0.49
f'f
.
yHowever the fish pr0duction in these ecosystems includes two food chains
and
to calculaté fish production efficiencies
only
Unfortunatély there are no
Ôn,
bacterial
production together as related with primary and fish production
the
same system. Daily bacterial
main factor initiating
loc htonous
carbon—fed detrital food chain. The
on
of bacterial, primary and
are
shown
production was measured either with the generation
me method of
IVanov
or
the
dark carbon dioxid fixation method bf
using carbon isotope label. Bacterial production
fehtilizdipondè
than primary production
and reaches that or even more aîlôc
ponds.
If we
calculate
by summig @@
primary production and bacterial
is ÿery
in
all
kinds of ponds (around 2
cal
transfer rates found along the food chain.
the
duction
level
of bacterial
and
primary
with
We
can
conclude
that
the manure introduced daily is part of the
temal…çbaæs , pif… h.igh_ fish,
ln -m.aræured, ,an,Îd_s… _(,Sçhrç<ädeñ, 1983) .
tually, the available organic carbon
almost duplicated every day.
REFERENCES
f;
DH R UBaurandCRRose1978Ut111zat10n of sw1ne mahur.eih a
Am).”Fî‘ish.Soc., 107
216—222.
‘
Burns, R.P.
and
R.R.'Stickney, 1980. Growth of Tilapia aurea in ponds recei—
v1ng poultry wastes. Aquaculture, 20, 117—121.
Primary production in fishponds and its application to fer—
t111zat10n exper1ments. Limmol. Oceanogr., Z, 131—136.
.
…
\
\H\
\
H