The “hybridoma” cell resulting from the fusion of lymphocyte and myeloma cell
possess properties of both the lymphocyte, which produces antibodies, and the cell,
which can reproduce infinitely. Cloning of a hybridoma that produces antibodies for
a certain antigen results in cells that only produce monoclonal antibodies. Benefits
of monoclonal antibodies include the fact that they can be created identically
anywhere in the world from the same hybridoma, and that because they are
monoclonal, it is easy to interpret their activity. Currently, monoclonal antibodies
are being put to use in self-pregnancy testing, which examines for a hormone
known as human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) that is present in the urine of a
pregnant woman. When the testing strip is placed in the urine, monoclonal antibodies attached to it bind with the hormone in the urine and change the strip’s color.
The antibodies are also being used for various other clinic diagnosis purposes,
including cancer and allergy kits (Goding 1996).
2.13 DNA Sequencing and Marine Omics
DNA sequencing is a process of identify the nucleic acid sequence, otherwise, order
of nucleotide in DNA. Any methods or any technology helps to determine the four
important bases, adenine, guanine and thymine. Knowledge of DNA sequencing
technology is playing major role in medical diagnostics, forensic medicine, medical
Fig. 2.22 Making monoclonal antibodies
2.12 What Are Monoclonal Antibodies?
51
possess properties of both the lymphocyte, which produces antibodies, and the cell,
which can reproduce infinitely. Cloning of a hybridoma that produces antibodies for
a certain antigen results in cells that only produce monoclonal antibodies. Benefits
of monoclonal antibodies include the fact that they can be created identically
anywhere in the world from the same hybridoma, and that because they are
monoclonal, it is easy to interpret their activity. Currently, monoclonal antibodies
are being put to use in self-pregnancy testing, which examines for a hormone
known as human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) that is present in the urine of a
pregnant woman. When the testing strip is placed in the urine, monoclonal antibodies attached to it bind with the hormone in the urine and change the strip’s color.
The antibodies are also being used for various other clinic diagnosis purposes,
including cancer and allergy kits (Goding 1996).
2.13 DNA Sequencing and Marine Omics
DNA sequencing is a process of identify the nucleic acid sequence, otherwise, order
of nucleotide in DNA. Any methods or any technology helps to determine the four
important bases, adenine, guanine and thymine. Knowledge of DNA sequencing
technology is playing major role in medical diagnostics, forensic medicine, medical
Fig. 2.22 Making monoclonal antibodies
2.12 What Are Monoclonal Antibodies?
51