As an example, Table 6.8 shows the general composition of the leaves and stalks
of Undaria pinnatipida. Lipid content in the leaves increases between the first
halves of May and June before subsequently decreasing. Protein content rises from
April to early May before beginning a rapid decline in late May; by July, when the
growth period for naturally occurring U. pinnatipida ends, protein content is down
to one-third of its peak level. Fiber exhibits a tendency to increase proportionally
with the reproductive period. Alginic acid content begins to rise in late May before
Table 6.7 General composition of seaweeds (% of anhydrides)
Type
Protein
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Ash
Sugars
Fibers
Green Algae
Sea lattus (Ulvaceae)
+
11.7
0.1
64.3
11.2
12.7
Sea lattus (Ulvaceae)
+
24.8
0.1
51.4
7.6
16.1
Ulva pertusa
5.8
0.1
74.3
6.2
13.6
Sea lattus (Ulva sp.)
5.8
0.1
71.3
5.9
16.9
Sea staghorn (Codium sp.)
+
13.3
0.5
60.2
16.8
9.2
Sea staghorn (Codium sp.)
+
13.8
0.3
43.5
9.8
32.6
Fresh wáter sea lattus (P. japonica)
31.3
0.1
57.9
5.5
5.2
Brown Algae
Sea tangle (L. japonica)
+
8.9
1.3
57.9
9.1
22.8
Sea tangle (L. japonica)
+
12.6
0.8
39.3
10.6
36.7
Sea mustard (C. costata)
15.1
2.1
38.5
14.1
30.2
Sea mustard (U. pinnatipida)
+
13.6
2.2
31.1
15.2
37.9
Sea mustard (U. pinnatipida)
+
14.3
1.9
40.0
8.5
35.3
Sea Oak (E. bicyclis)
+
12.2
1.3
62.6
7.1
16.8
Sea Oak (E. bicyclis)
+
3.7
2.0
72.7
7.2
14.4
Gulf weed (M. myagroides)
7.9
1.2
43.6
16.0
31.3
Fusiforme (H. fusiformus)
+
10.1
0.8
32.6
17.2
39.3
Fusiforme (H. fusiformus)
+
6
1.5
30.2
23.9
38.4
(S. siliquastrum
11.8
9.6
34.6
21.2
22.8
(S. thunbergii)
8.2
1.0
20.7
39.0
31.1
Red Algae
(Acanthopeltis sp.)
16.5
0.4
64.1
11.6
7.4
Irish moss (C. ocellatus)
19.1
0.2
51.3
1.3
28.1
(Gymnogongrus)
27.2
0.2
48.9
3.3
20.4
(G. deblis)
+
17.2
+
63.2
14.4
5.2
(G. deblis)
+
24.9
0.1
61.8
6.7
6.5
(E. humifusa)
7.2
0.1
72.2
6.2
14.3
(G. furcata)
19.5
0.2
49.9
0.9
29.5
(P. yezoensis)
41.6
0.5
40.0
6.1
11.8
*Members of the same species differ in basic constituents due to different habitats
**Sugar represent value when other components are subtracted from 100.0
+ : 0.05% or less
6.8 Industrial Applications of Seaweeds
167
of Undaria pinnatipida. Lipid content in the leaves increases between the first
halves of May and June before subsequently decreasing. Protein content rises from
April to early May before beginning a rapid decline in late May; by July, when the
growth period for naturally occurring U. pinnatipida ends, protein content is down
to one-third of its peak level. Fiber exhibits a tendency to increase proportionally
with the reproductive period. Alginic acid content begins to rise in late May before
Table 6.7 General composition of seaweeds (% of anhydrides)
Type
Protein
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Ash
Sugars
Fibers
Green Algae
Sea lattus (Ulvaceae)
+
11.7
0.1
64.3
11.2
12.7
Sea lattus (Ulvaceae)
+
24.8
0.1
51.4
7.6
16.1
Ulva pertusa
5.8
0.1
74.3
6.2
13.6
Sea lattus (Ulva sp.)
5.8
0.1
71.3
5.9
16.9
Sea staghorn (Codium sp.)
+
13.3
0.5
60.2
16.8
9.2
Sea staghorn (Codium sp.)
+
13.8
0.3
43.5
9.8
32.6
Fresh wáter sea lattus (P. japonica)
31.3
0.1
57.9
5.5
5.2
Brown Algae
Sea tangle (L. japonica)
+
8.9
1.3
57.9
9.1
22.8
Sea tangle (L. japonica)
+
12.6
0.8
39.3
10.6
36.7
Sea mustard (C. costata)
15.1
2.1
38.5
14.1
30.2
Sea mustard (U. pinnatipida)
+
13.6
2.2
31.1
15.2
37.9
Sea mustard (U. pinnatipida)
+
14.3
1.9
40.0
8.5
35.3
Sea Oak (E. bicyclis)
+
12.2
1.3
62.6
7.1
16.8
Sea Oak (E. bicyclis)
+
3.7
2.0
72.7
7.2
14.4
Gulf weed (M. myagroides)
7.9
1.2
43.6
16.0
31.3
Fusiforme (H. fusiformus)
+
10.1
0.8
32.6
17.2
39.3
Fusiforme (H. fusiformus)
+
6
1.5
30.2
23.9
38.4
(S. siliquastrum
11.8
9.6
34.6
21.2
22.8
(S. thunbergii)
8.2
1.0
20.7
39.0
31.1
Red Algae
(Acanthopeltis sp.)
16.5
0.4
64.1
11.6
7.4
Irish moss (C. ocellatus)
19.1
0.2
51.3
1.3
28.1
(Gymnogongrus)
27.2
0.2
48.9
3.3
20.4
(G. deblis)
+
17.2
+
63.2
14.4
5.2
(G. deblis)
+
24.9
0.1
61.8
6.7
6.5
(E. humifusa)
7.2
0.1
72.2
6.2
14.3
(G. furcata)
19.5
0.2
49.9
0.9
29.5
(P. yezoensis)
41.6
0.5
40.0
6.1
11.8
*Members of the same species differ in basic constituents due to different habitats
**Sugar represent value when other components are subtracted from 100.0
+ : 0.05% or less
6.8 Industrial Applications of Seaweeds
167