10.10 REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. Why is fluoride the most phytotoxic of the major air pollutants?
2. What are the most important fluoride-containing minerals?
3. List three industrial operations that result in atmospheric emission of
fluoride.
4. What is the reason for fluoride emission by the aluminum manufacturing
process?
5. What are the characteristic symptoms of leaf injury induced by exposure to
high levels of fluoride?
6. How does fluoride affect seed germination?
7. In field studies, what can generally be observed concerning the relationship
between bone fluoride level of small animals and the distance of the collection
site from a near-by aluminum plant?
8. Explain the dental lesion manifested by animals and humans suffering chronic
fluoride poisoning.
9. Of the following fluoride-containing compounds, which one has the highest
rate of absorption? Which has the lowest rate of absorption? (a) NaF, (b)
cryolite, (c) CaF 2 , (d) fluorapatite.
10. What is the suggested mode of action for fluoride?
11. How is fluoride toxicity related to tissue calcium levels?
12. What effect does vitamin C have on fluoride toxicity in animals and humans?
13. How does fluoride inhibit myosin-dependent ATP hydrolysis?
14. How does fluoride affect enolase?
15. How is fluoride related to the protective enzymes?
16. Which nutrients have been shown capable of alleviating fluoride toxicity?
170
Environmental Toxicology
[16:52 26/8/04 P:/CRC PRESS/4365 MING-HO.751 (1670)/4365-010.3d]
Ref: 4365 MING-HO YU Chap-010 Page: 170 149-170
1. Why is fluoride the most phytotoxic of the major air pollutants?
2. What are the most important fluoride-containing minerals?
3. List three industrial operations that result in atmospheric emission of
fluoride.
4. What is the reason for fluoride emission by the aluminum manufacturing
process?
5. What are the characteristic symptoms of leaf injury induced by exposure to
high levels of fluoride?
6. How does fluoride affect seed germination?
7. In field studies, what can generally be observed concerning the relationship
between bone fluoride level of small animals and the distance of the collection
site from a near-by aluminum plant?
8. Explain the dental lesion manifested by animals and humans suffering chronic
fluoride poisoning.
9. Of the following fluoride-containing compounds, which one has the highest
rate of absorption? Which has the lowest rate of absorption? (a) NaF, (b)
cryolite, (c) CaF 2 , (d) fluorapatite.
10. What is the suggested mode of action for fluoride?
11. How is fluoride toxicity related to tissue calcium levels?
12. What effect does vitamin C have on fluoride toxicity in animals and humans?
13. How does fluoride inhibit myosin-dependent ATP hydrolysis?
14. How does fluoride affect enolase?
15. How is fluoride related to the protective enzymes?
16. Which nutrients have been shown capable of alleviating fluoride toxicity?
170
Environmental Toxicology
[16:52 26/8/04 P:/CRC PRESS/4365 MING-HO.751 (1670)/4365-010.3d]
Ref: 4365 MING-HO YU Chap-010 Page: 170 149-170