Defining Habitats
118
Measuring Habitat Use
120
Measuring Habitat Availability
122
Assessing Habitat Selection: Fatal Flaw 1
127
Inferring Habitat Quality: Fatal Flaw 2
139
Advantages and Problems of the Demographic Response Design
144
Applications and Recommendations
147
Acknowledgments
153
Literature Cited
153
Chapter 5: Investigating Food Habits of Terrestrial Vertebrates
John A. Litvaitis
165
Conventional Approaches and Their Limitations
166
Direct Observation
166
Lead Animals
167
Feeding Site Surveys
167
Exclosures
170
Postingestion Samples
170
Evaluating the Importance of Specific Foods and Prey
175
Use, Selection, or Preference?
175
Availability Versus Abundance
175
Cafeteria Experiments
176
Innovations
176
Improvements on Lead Animal Studies
176
Use of Isotope Ratios
177
Experimental Manipulations
177
The Role of Foraging Theory in Understanding Food Habits
179
Lessons
181
Sample Resolution and Information Obtained
181
Improving Sample Resolution and Information Content
182
Literature Cited
183
Chapter 6: Detecting Stability and Causes of Change in
Population Density
Joseph S. Elkinton
191
Detection of Density Dependence
193
Analysis of Time Series of Density
193
Analysis of Data on Mortality or Survival
196
Detection of Delayed Density Dependence
199
C O N T E N T S
ix