T i
In-core period (year)
T o
Out-core period (year)
ε o
Operation efficiency
ε c ¼
T i
T i þT o
Cycle efficiency
E fiss ¼ 205 MeV ¼ 3.28 Á 10
À 11
Energy release per fission (J)
N A ¼ 6.022 Á 10
23
Avogadro number
A
240 ¼ averaged mass number
a
Constant (t/MW/year)
t
Time (year)
λ tr
Effective transmutation rate (/year)
T tr
Transmutation half-life (year)
References
1. Wakabayashi T et al (1997) Feasibility studies on plutonium and minor actinide burning in fast
reactors. Nucl Technol 118:14–25
2. Sato T et al (2013) Particle and heavy ion transport code system: PHITS, version 2.52. J Nucl
Sci Technol 50(9):913–923
3. Alcouffe et al (2005) PARTISN: a time-dependent, parallel neutral particle transport code
system. LA-UR-05-3925, Los Alamos National Laboratory
4. Nakagawa M, Tsuchihashi K (1984) SLAROM: a code for cell homogenization calculation of
fast reactor. JAERI 1294, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute
5. Shibata K et al (2011) JENDL-4.0: a new library for innovative nuclear energy systems. J Nucl
Sci Technol 48(1):1–30
6. Croff AG (1980) ORIGEN-2: a revised and updated version of Oak Ridge isotope generation
and development code. ORNL-5621, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
7. Nishihara K et al (2013) Utilization of rock-like oxide fuel in the phase-out scenario. J Nucl Sci
Technol 51(2):150–165
8. Nishihara K et al (2008) Neutronics design of accelerator-driven system for power flattening
and beam current reduction. J Nucl Sci Technol 45:812–822
9. Nishihara K et al (2010) Impact of partitioning and transmutation on high-level waste disposal
for the fast breeder reactor fuel cycle. J Nucl Sci Technol 47(12):1101–1117
19 Transmutation Scenarios after Closing Nuclear Power Plants
231
In-core period (year)
T o
Out-core period (year)
ε o
Operation efficiency
ε c ¼
T i
T i þT o
Cycle efficiency
E fiss ¼ 205 MeV ¼ 3.28 Á 10
À 11
Energy release per fission (J)
N A ¼ 6.022 Á 10
23
Avogadro number
A
240 ¼ averaged mass number
a
Constant (t/MW/year)
t
Time (year)
λ tr
Effective transmutation rate (/year)
T tr
Transmutation half-life (year)
References
1. Wakabayashi T et al (1997) Feasibility studies on plutonium and minor actinide burning in fast
reactors. Nucl Technol 118:14–25
2. Sato T et al (2013) Particle and heavy ion transport code system: PHITS, version 2.52. J Nucl
Sci Technol 50(9):913–923
3. Alcouffe et al (2005) PARTISN: a time-dependent, parallel neutral particle transport code
system. LA-UR-05-3925, Los Alamos National Laboratory
4. Nakagawa M, Tsuchihashi K (1984) SLAROM: a code for cell homogenization calculation of
fast reactor. JAERI 1294, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute
5. Shibata K et al (2011) JENDL-4.0: a new library for innovative nuclear energy systems. J Nucl
Sci Technol 48(1):1–30
6. Croff AG (1980) ORIGEN-2: a revised and updated version of Oak Ridge isotope generation
and development code. ORNL-5621, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
7. Nishihara K et al (2013) Utilization of rock-like oxide fuel in the phase-out scenario. J Nucl Sci
Technol 51(2):150–165
8. Nishihara K et al (2008) Neutronics design of accelerator-driven system for power flattening
and beam current reduction. J Nucl Sci Technol 45:812–822
9. Nishihara K et al (2010) Impact of partitioning and transmutation on high-level waste disposal
for the fast breeder reactor fuel cycle. J Nucl Sci Technol 47(12):1101–1117
19 Transmutation Scenarios after Closing Nuclear Power Plants
231