269
Survey fi ndings in the area of LCA studies and LCA databases (beyond the list
of countries with a database) are presented below:
• In Brazil, Chile, India, South Africa and Turkey, a breakthrough is expected, as
international organisations (e.g. UNEP and the European Commission jointly) or
projects (the ecoinvent project on Internationalisation ( www.sustainablerecycling.org )) as well as national organizations (e.g. Fundación Chile) are
making progress with international and local resources.
• Colombia, Peru and Argentina are at an early stage of discussions on how to
generate data and establish LCA databases (Quispe et al. 2014 ; see RPCV 2005 ).
• There is very little or no evidence of local LCA studies and no records at all
concerning the development of databases in the remaining countries.
2.4 Networking
The survey results and additional literature sources confi rm the existence of national
life cycle networks in all countries covered by the survey, except Egypt, Morocco,
Indonesia, the Philippines, the Russian Federation and Saudi Arabia. Where networks are operating, websites have been identifi ed except in Turkey and Indonesia.
A website helps to improve co-ordination and communication, and is a requirement
for effective dissemination and communication.
The analysis of networking capacity is based not only on the amount of networks’
members, but also on specifi c capacities measured as per the estimated number of
life cycle practitioners per 10 million inhabitants in the country. 2014 population
fi gures are used for these calculations (Worldometer 2014 ). The values presented in
Table 19.2 range from 0.3 in Indonesia to 22 in Thailand.
4 This result suggests that
a critical condition for mainstreaming LCSM is the number of experts available in
the country.
2.5 Gender Aspects
Gender equity is a pre-requisite for sustainable development (UNCED 1992 ).
The survey results in Table 19.2 show differentiated developments in countries where valid information is available. The average indicates a value of 40 %
female participation. Only in Thailand and Argentina did females comprise the
majority. The fi gures were more balanced in Latin American countries, Malaysia
and South Africa.
4 The Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia and the Philippines were not considered in this part of the
analysis, as the responses provided were not representative.
19 Mainstreaming Life Cycle Sustainability Management in Rapidly Growing…
Survey fi ndings in the area of LCA studies and LCA databases (beyond the list
of countries with a database) are presented below:
• In Brazil, Chile, India, South Africa and Turkey, a breakthrough is expected, as
international organisations (e.g. UNEP and the European Commission jointly) or
projects (the ecoinvent project on Internationalisation ( www.sustainablerecycling.org )) as well as national organizations (e.g. Fundación Chile) are
making progress with international and local resources.
• Colombia, Peru and Argentina are at an early stage of discussions on how to
generate data and establish LCA databases (Quispe et al. 2014 ; see RPCV 2005 ).
• There is very little or no evidence of local LCA studies and no records at all
concerning the development of databases in the remaining countries.
2.4 Networking
The survey results and additional literature sources confi rm the existence of national
life cycle networks in all countries covered by the survey, except Egypt, Morocco,
Indonesia, the Philippines, the Russian Federation and Saudi Arabia. Where networks are operating, websites have been identifi ed except in Turkey and Indonesia.
A website helps to improve co-ordination and communication, and is a requirement
for effective dissemination and communication.
The analysis of networking capacity is based not only on the amount of networks’
members, but also on specifi c capacities measured as per the estimated number of
life cycle practitioners per 10 million inhabitants in the country. 2014 population
fi gures are used for these calculations (Worldometer 2014 ). The values presented in
Table 19.2 range from 0.3 in Indonesia to 22 in Thailand.
4 This result suggests that
a critical condition for mainstreaming LCSM is the number of experts available in
the country.
2.5 Gender Aspects
Gender equity is a pre-requisite for sustainable development (UNCED 1992 ).
The survey results in Table 19.2 show differentiated developments in countries where valid information is available. The average indicates a value of 40 %
female participation. Only in Thailand and Argentina did females comprise the
majority. The fi gures were more balanced in Latin American countries, Malaysia
and South Africa.
4 The Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia and the Philippines were not considered in this part of the
analysis, as the responses provided were not representative.
19 Mainstreaming Life Cycle Sustainability Management in Rapidly Growing…