223
chapter), outlining how current regulations could potentially be amended to include
a LC perspective and/or how new co-existing LC based CO 2 regulations could look.
The research process continues in 2015 and includes a broader stakeholder dialogue in the EU and beyond to communicate and refi ne the policy options as well as
to specify possible implementation pathways for policy options aiming at LCA
deployment in legislation. Though the focus in this work is/was laid on CO 2 legislation in the automotive industry, the policy options developed can be used for other
industries and other environmental impacts as well.
Open Access This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution
Noncommercial License, which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in
any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
References
Baitz M et al (2012) LCA’s theory and practice: like ebony and ivory living in perfect harmony?
Int J Life Cycle Assess 18(1):5–13, http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11367-012-0476-x .
Accessed 25 Oct 2013
Daimler AG (2014) Mercedes-Benz cars: 2014. Environmental brochure. smart fortwo electric
drive. https://www.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/2243139_Environmental_
brochure_smart_fortwo_electric_drive.pdf . Accessed 24 Nov 2014
EC (2009) Impact assessment guidelines. SEC (2009) 92. http://ec.europa.eu/smart-regulation/
impact/commission_guidelines/docs/iag_2009_en.pdf
EC (2015) CE marking. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/single-market-goods/cemarking/ .
Accessed 2 Mar 2015
European Platform on LCA (EPLCA). http://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ . Accessed 28 Feb 2015
European Union (2013) Commission Recommendation of 9 April 2013 on the use of common
methods to measure and communicate the life cycle environmental performance of products
and organisations. Off J Eur Union L124
Finkbeiner M (2012) From the 40s to the 70s – the future of LCA in the ISO 14000. Int J Life
Cycle Assess 18(1):1–4
Finkbeiner M (2014) Product environmental footprint – breakthrough or breakdown for policy
implementation of life cycle assessment? Int J Life Cycle Assess 19(2):266–271
Finkbeiner M et al (2000) Life cycle engineering as a tool for design for environment. In: Total life
cycle conference of the Society of Automotive Engineers in Detroit, USA, vol 26, p 189, 28
Apr 2000
Finkbeiner M et al (2003) Data collection format for life cycle assessment of the German association of the automotive industry. Int J Life Cycle Assess 8(6):379–381
Galatola M, Pant R (2014) Reply to the editorial “Product environmental footprint – breakthrough
or breakdown for policy implementation of life cycle assessment?” written by Prof. Finkbeiner
(Int J Life Cycle Assess 19(2):266–271). Int J Life Cycle Assess, 19(6):1356–1360
Inaba A et al (2003) Practical tools and thoughtful principles for sustainability. Int J Life Cycle
Assess 8(1):1–5
ISO 14024 (1999) Environmental labels and declarations – type I environmental labelling –
principles and procedures
ISO 14044 (2006) International standard – environmental management – life cycle assessment –
requirements and guidelines
Kendall A, Price L (2012) Emissions, incorporating time-corrected life cycle greenhouse gas
emissions in vehicle regulations. Environ Sci Technol 46:2557–2563
15 Policy Options for Life Cycle Assessment Deployment in Legislation
chapter), outlining how current regulations could potentially be amended to include
a LC perspective and/or how new co-existing LC based CO 2 regulations could look.
The research process continues in 2015 and includes a broader stakeholder dialogue in the EU and beyond to communicate and refi ne the policy options as well as
to specify possible implementation pathways for policy options aiming at LCA
deployment in legislation. Though the focus in this work is/was laid on CO 2 legislation in the automotive industry, the policy options developed can be used for other
industries and other environmental impacts as well.
Open Access This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution
Noncommercial License, which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in
any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
References
Baitz M et al (2012) LCA’s theory and practice: like ebony and ivory living in perfect harmony?
Int J Life Cycle Assess 18(1):5–13, http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11367-012-0476-x .
Accessed 25 Oct 2013
Daimler AG (2014) Mercedes-Benz cars: 2014. Environmental brochure. smart fortwo electric
drive. https://www.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/2243139_Environmental_
brochure_smart_fortwo_electric_drive.pdf . Accessed 24 Nov 2014
EC (2009) Impact assessment guidelines. SEC (2009) 92. http://ec.europa.eu/smart-regulation/
impact/commission_guidelines/docs/iag_2009_en.pdf
EC (2015) CE marking. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/single-market-goods/cemarking/ .
Accessed 2 Mar 2015
European Platform on LCA (EPLCA). http://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ . Accessed 28 Feb 2015
European Union (2013) Commission Recommendation of 9 April 2013 on the use of common
methods to measure and communicate the life cycle environmental performance of products
and organisations. Off J Eur Union L124
Finkbeiner M (2012) From the 40s to the 70s – the future of LCA in the ISO 14000. Int J Life
Cycle Assess 18(1):1–4
Finkbeiner M (2014) Product environmental footprint – breakthrough or breakdown for policy
implementation of life cycle assessment? Int J Life Cycle Assess 19(2):266–271
Finkbeiner M et al (2000) Life cycle engineering as a tool for design for environment. In: Total life
cycle conference of the Society of Automotive Engineers in Detroit, USA, vol 26, p 189, 28
Apr 2000
Finkbeiner M et al (2003) Data collection format for life cycle assessment of the German association of the automotive industry. Int J Life Cycle Assess 8(6):379–381
Galatola M, Pant R (2014) Reply to the editorial “Product environmental footprint – breakthrough
or breakdown for policy implementation of life cycle assessment?” written by Prof. Finkbeiner
(Int J Life Cycle Assess 19(2):266–271). Int J Life Cycle Assess, 19(6):1356–1360
Inaba A et al (2003) Practical tools and thoughtful principles for sustainability. Int J Life Cycle
Assess 8(1):1–5
ISO 14024 (1999) Environmental labels and declarations – type I environmental labelling –
principles and procedures
ISO 14044 (2006) International standard – environmental management – life cycle assessment –
requirements and guidelines
Kendall A, Price L (2012) Emissions, incorporating time-corrected life cycle greenhouse gas
emissions in vehicle regulations. Environ Sci Technol 46:2557–2563
15 Policy Options for Life Cycle Assessment Deployment in Legislation