information and consultation activities. However, collaboration and cooperation
might be restricted to key players and context setters.
The development of local adaptation strategies should be supported by scientific
information and expertise. This structured communication of scientific results and
processes can be termed science-based stakeholder dialogue (Welp et al. 2006). It is
a social learning process based on communication and interaction in small groups.
The science-based dialogue is not only targeted at stakeholders outside management. Sometimes communication of scientific background information on climate
change and its impacts is also needed within administrations and between different
conservation experts.
The science-based stakeholder dialogue should use several principles to ensure
effective communication of climate knowledge on the local level. They can be
summarised as follows (see CRED 2009; Futerra 2009; ICLEI 2009):
• Build your message on local solutions and action instead of threats and
warnings.
• Reflect on the aims of your target audience and then show how your vision/
project will make them happen.
• Translate scientific data into concrete experience and make it visual and vivid.
• Provide information focused on local problems and people’s everyday lives.
• Present information in manageable chunks and use a reasonable timeframe
(e.g. a strong and simple five-year plan).
• Use spokespeople and allow stakeholders to take part in the conversation so that
people have agency to act.
Stakeholder involvement should facilitate information exchange among
participants and might help in finding win-win-solutions to climate change-related
problems. It might also improve the public support of local adaptation actions and
anticipate as well as manage related conflicts.
20.5 Summary of Support Needed and Actions to Be Taken
Conservation managers do not yet consider climate change adaptation in their
day-to-day management. They will need further support to identify the relevant
impacts of climate change, develop adaptation strategies and implement relevant
measures. Scientific projects and programmes targeted at knowledge transfer can
help to provide information and data. However, there is also a need to strengthen the
adaptive capacity of protected areas. This capacity building should focus on:
• The capacity to monitor, assess, manage and report the effects of climate
change and their interaction with other pressures: Adequate investments for
implementation have to be warranted, especially for long-term monitoring.
Training for site managers and administration is essential to be prepared for
changes resulting from climate change. Capacity building should also include
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