13.4.2 Natural Eutrophic Lakes with Magnopotamion or
Hydrocharition-Type Vegetation (HD Code 3150)
This habitat requires constant water supply. Decreasing rainfall may harm hydrophyte vegetation as its levels will simplify. Ceratophylloide-type submersed floating
life forms may fall and Lemnoid-type emersed floating life forms (with smaller space
claim) may gain space. Species number may fall as species with limited ecological
tolerance disappear. Species requiring a high naturalness state of habitat
(Myriophyllum verticillatum, Ceratophyllum demersum, C. submersum, Utricularia
australis, Salvinia natans) may disappear. Increase of less sensitive Lemna minor
and Trapa natans is expected. Protected species such as Salvinia natans, Misgurnus
fossilis, Emys orbicularis, Triturus cristatus etc. need constant water supply in this
habitat type, and it appears that no special measure is required to be applied.
13.4.3 Pannonic Loess Steppic Grasslands (HD Code 6250)
Maintenance of this habitat is possible with slight section grazing, which should be
limited within the wetter spots. Mowing once a year (June) and/or autumn grazing by
sheep, cattle, or horse are also a possible management measures. Keeping mown
buffer zone on the edges helps to prevent expansion of weeds. Mosaic landscape
should also be retained. Species composition alters depending on annual rainfall; this
may be augmented with stronger changes in climate. Continuous attention is needed to
prevent overgrazing. Deflating water from wet areas during summer threatens the
habitat by the groundwater table decline. If nature conservation aims at protecting the
Spermophilus citellus, low cut grass should be maintained which can be obtained as a
result of grazing and/or mowing. Converting arable lands into alfalfa production in
parallel with cutback of shrubs (e.g. Prunus spinosa) is beneficial for Otis tarda.
Cirsium furiens does not require intervention, only cutback of shrubs.
13.4.4 Alluvial Meadows of River Valleys
of the Cnidion Dubii (HD Code 6440)
Mowing in June and autumn grazing by sheep, cattle, or horses on the young
grassland is beneficial. As a consequence of lowering groundwater table these
habitats may evolve towards drying out and in parallel, become weedier. Cirsium
brachycephalum requires spring inundation of the area with a dry climate in late
summer. Late mowing harms its tall herb physiognomy. In favour of conserving
amphibians and reptiles, alternating scythe should be used instead of bung scythe
during mowing. Orchis laxiflora ssp. elegans needs late June mowing, after the
ripening of its seeds. A rare remnant of ancient marshlands, Carex divisa, requires
water cover between autumn and June as drying threatens its proliferation.
13 Suggested Management Measures for Natura 2000 Habitats. . .
205
Hydrocharition-Type Vegetation (HD Code 3150)
This habitat requires constant water supply. Decreasing rainfall may harm hydrophyte vegetation as its levels will simplify. Ceratophylloide-type submersed floating
life forms may fall and Lemnoid-type emersed floating life forms (with smaller space
claim) may gain space. Species number may fall as species with limited ecological
tolerance disappear. Species requiring a high naturalness state of habitat
(Myriophyllum verticillatum, Ceratophyllum demersum, C. submersum, Utricularia
australis, Salvinia natans) may disappear. Increase of less sensitive Lemna minor
and Trapa natans is expected. Protected species such as Salvinia natans, Misgurnus
fossilis, Emys orbicularis, Triturus cristatus etc. need constant water supply in this
habitat type, and it appears that no special measure is required to be applied.
13.4.3 Pannonic Loess Steppic Grasslands (HD Code 6250)
Maintenance of this habitat is possible with slight section grazing, which should be
limited within the wetter spots. Mowing once a year (June) and/or autumn grazing by
sheep, cattle, or horse are also a possible management measures. Keeping mown
buffer zone on the edges helps to prevent expansion of weeds. Mosaic landscape
should also be retained. Species composition alters depending on annual rainfall; this
may be augmented with stronger changes in climate. Continuous attention is needed to
prevent overgrazing. Deflating water from wet areas during summer threatens the
habitat by the groundwater table decline. If nature conservation aims at protecting the
Spermophilus citellus, low cut grass should be maintained which can be obtained as a
result of grazing and/or mowing. Converting arable lands into alfalfa production in
parallel with cutback of shrubs (e.g. Prunus spinosa) is beneficial for Otis tarda.
Cirsium furiens does not require intervention, only cutback of shrubs.
13.4.4 Alluvial Meadows of River Valleys
of the Cnidion Dubii (HD Code 6440)
Mowing in June and autumn grazing by sheep, cattle, or horses on the young
grassland is beneficial. As a consequence of lowering groundwater table these
habitats may evolve towards drying out and in parallel, become weedier. Cirsium
brachycephalum requires spring inundation of the area with a dry climate in late
summer. Late mowing harms its tall herb physiognomy. In favour of conserving
amphibians and reptiles, alternating scythe should be used instead of bung scythe
during mowing. Orchis laxiflora ssp. elegans needs late June mowing, after the
ripening of its seeds. A rare remnant of ancient marshlands, Carex divisa, requires
water cover between autumn and June as drying threatens its proliferation.
13 Suggested Management Measures for Natura 2000 Habitats. . .
205