Fig. 3.4
Natural discharge (model SWIM) and managed streamflow
(model WBalMo) at gauge Hrensko/Labe (Czech Republic)
for the years 2010–2050 displayed as a 5-year average
(e.g. “2010” stands for multi-year average of 2008–2012) . . . . . . . . 38
Fig. 3.5
Winter, summer and annual mass balance of the Vernagtferner
in Austria for the period 1964/65 to 2009/10 ........................ 40
Fig. 4.1
Annual vegetation of drift lines viewed from the strictly
protected area in the Danube Delta Biosphere reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Fig. 4.2
Slovenian shallow coasts colonised with Salicornia sp.
and other halophytes are frequently bordered with ports,
urban areas, or infrastructure, with no possibilities to migrate
in case of further sea-level rise ....................................... 49
Fig. 4.3
Elodea nuttallii, Danube Delta Biosphere reserve,
June 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Fig. 4.4
Lemna minuta (the small one) and Lemna gibba L.,
Kis-Balaton area, Hungary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Fig. 4.5
Bushes with Pinus mugo and Rhododendron myrtifolium
at the Bucegi mountains affected by erosion
and fragmentation . ..................................................... 51
Fig. 4.6
Silicious alpine and boreal grasslands (Natura 2000 code: 6150)
from Bucegi Natural Park; in front the rare and threatened
plant Nigritella nigra .................................................. 52
Fig. 4.7
Mountain hay meadows (Natura 2000 code: 6520) with
a significant population of the rare plant Trollius europaeus L.
within Bucegi Natural Park ........................................... 53
Fig. 4.8
Calcareous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation
(Natura 2000 code: 8210) with Achillea oxyloba subsps.
schurii within Bucegi Natural Park ................................... 54
Fig. 4.9
Spruce forest ecosystem of the Thuringian Forest, Germany,
damaged by storm “Kyrill” on January 17, 2007. In total,
about 2.7 % of the forest area was damaged. According
to the German Weather Service (Deutscher Wetterdienst, DWD),
the likelihood of the occurrence of such an extreme weather
event is every 10–20 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Fig. 4.10 Assessment of present and future growing potential for Norway
Spruce (Picea abies L.) according to a combination of four
climate thresholds for Spruce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Fig. 5.1
The chain/cascade from emission scenarios to regional
climate impact models . . . .............................................. 65
Fig. 5.2
Changes of Climatic Water Balance (CWB) as integrated
climate change indicator for the area (a) Natural Park Bucegi
(Romania) and (b) Vessertal – Thuringian Forest Biosphere
Reserve (Germany). . . .................................................. 68
xviii
List of Figures
Natural discharge (model SWIM) and managed streamflow
(model WBalMo) at gauge Hrensko/Labe (Czech Republic)
for the years 2010–2050 displayed as a 5-year average
(e.g. “2010” stands for multi-year average of 2008–2012) . . . . . . . . 38
Fig. 3.5
Winter, summer and annual mass balance of the Vernagtferner
in Austria for the period 1964/65 to 2009/10 ........................ 40
Fig. 4.1
Annual vegetation of drift lines viewed from the strictly
protected area in the Danube Delta Biosphere reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Fig. 4.2
Slovenian shallow coasts colonised with Salicornia sp.
and other halophytes are frequently bordered with ports,
urban areas, or infrastructure, with no possibilities to migrate
in case of further sea-level rise ....................................... 49
Fig. 4.3
Elodea nuttallii, Danube Delta Biosphere reserve,
June 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Fig. 4.4
Lemna minuta (the small one) and Lemna gibba L.,
Kis-Balaton area, Hungary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Fig. 4.5
Bushes with Pinus mugo and Rhododendron myrtifolium
at the Bucegi mountains affected by erosion
and fragmentation . ..................................................... 51
Fig. 4.6
Silicious alpine and boreal grasslands (Natura 2000 code: 6150)
from Bucegi Natural Park; in front the rare and threatened
plant Nigritella nigra .................................................. 52
Fig. 4.7
Mountain hay meadows (Natura 2000 code: 6520) with
a significant population of the rare plant Trollius europaeus L.
within Bucegi Natural Park ........................................... 53
Fig. 4.8
Calcareous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation
(Natura 2000 code: 8210) with Achillea oxyloba subsps.
schurii within Bucegi Natural Park ................................... 54
Fig. 4.9
Spruce forest ecosystem of the Thuringian Forest, Germany,
damaged by storm “Kyrill” on January 17, 2007. In total,
about 2.7 % of the forest area was damaged. According
to the German Weather Service (Deutscher Wetterdienst, DWD),
the likelihood of the occurrence of such an extreme weather
event is every 10–20 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Fig. 4.10 Assessment of present and future growing potential for Norway
Spruce (Picea abies L.) according to a combination of four
climate thresholds for Spruce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Fig. 5.1
The chain/cascade from emission scenarios to regional
climate impact models . . . .............................................. 65
Fig. 5.2
Changes of Climatic Water Balance (CWB) as integrated
climate change indicator for the area (a) Natural Park Bucegi
(Romania) and (b) Vessertal – Thuringian Forest Biosphere
Reserve (Germany). . . .................................................. 68
xviii
List of Figures