475
Chapter 16
Fourier Transform Infrared (Ft-Ir)
Spectroscopic Imaging for Solid Tumor
Histopathology
Sreeradha Biswas, Michael J. Walsh and Rohit Bhargava
m. Baranska (ed.), Optical Spectroscopy and Computational Methods in Biology and
Medicine, Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics 14,
doI 10.1007/978-94-007-7832-0_16, © Springer Science+Business media dordrecht 2014
R. Bhargava ()
departments of Bioengineering, mechanical Science and Engineering, Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Chemistry, university of Illinois
urbana-Champaign, urbana, IL 61801, uSA
e-mail: rxb@illinois.edu
S. Biswas
Biophysics program, university of Illinois urbana-Champaign, urbana, IL 61801, uSA
m. J. Walsh
Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and technology, university of Illinois urbanaChampaign, urbana, IL 61801, uSA
Abstract Fourier transform infrared (Ft-IR) spectroscopic imaging has shown great
promise in becoming a powerful tool in cytology and histopathology. Applications for
cancer diagnoses in solid tumors are especially attractive as samples are spatially complex and involve myriad molecular changes whereas there are many shortcomings in
current clinical practice that can be addressed. here we review the current state of the
art in applying Ft-IR imaging for analyzing solid tumors. We focus on instrumentation
that is relatively new, emerging fundamental understanding gained by new theoretical
advances, data analysis and selected, illustrative applications in cancer histopathology.
Keywords Fourier transform infrared imaging • Theory • Instrumentation • Lasers
• Discrete frequency • Tissue imaging • Cancer pathology • Metrics • Bayesian
classification • Statistical pattern recognition • Prostate • Breast • Histopathology
16.1 Introduction
Fourier transform infrared (Ft-IR) spectroscopic imaging [1] is rapidly emerging
as a powerful technique for studying complex biological systems. Advances in instrumentation in combination with rapid development of computational algorithms
has led to integration of high throughput data acquisition, robust classification and
fast validation processes to constitute practical protocols that can be used in histopathology [2] and other biomedical research [3, 4]. though the use of IR spectroscopy
1
[5, 6] for biomedical applications has had a long history [7], the last decade
1
many issues are summarized in [6].
Chapter 16
Fourier Transform Infrared (Ft-Ir)
Spectroscopic Imaging for Solid Tumor
Histopathology
Sreeradha Biswas, Michael J. Walsh and Rohit Bhargava
m. Baranska (ed.), Optical Spectroscopy and Computational Methods in Biology and
Medicine, Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics 14,
doI 10.1007/978-94-007-7832-0_16, © Springer Science+Business media dordrecht 2014
R. Bhargava ()
departments of Bioengineering, mechanical Science and Engineering, Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Chemistry, university of Illinois
urbana-Champaign, urbana, IL 61801, uSA
e-mail: rxb@illinois.edu
S. Biswas
Biophysics program, university of Illinois urbana-Champaign, urbana, IL 61801, uSA
m. J. Walsh
Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and technology, university of Illinois urbanaChampaign, urbana, IL 61801, uSA
Abstract Fourier transform infrared (Ft-IR) spectroscopic imaging has shown great
promise in becoming a powerful tool in cytology and histopathology. Applications for
cancer diagnoses in solid tumors are especially attractive as samples are spatially complex and involve myriad molecular changes whereas there are many shortcomings in
current clinical practice that can be addressed. here we review the current state of the
art in applying Ft-IR imaging for analyzing solid tumors. We focus on instrumentation
that is relatively new, emerging fundamental understanding gained by new theoretical
advances, data analysis and selected, illustrative applications in cancer histopathology.
Keywords Fourier transform infrared imaging • Theory • Instrumentation • Lasers
• Discrete frequency • Tissue imaging • Cancer pathology • Metrics • Bayesian
classification • Statistical pattern recognition • Prostate • Breast • Histopathology
16.1 Introduction
Fourier transform infrared (Ft-IR) spectroscopic imaging [1] is rapidly emerging
as a powerful technique for studying complex biological systems. Advances in instrumentation in combination with rapid development of computational algorithms
has led to integration of high throughput data acquisition, robust classification and
fast validation processes to constitute practical protocols that can be used in histopathology [2] and other biomedical research [3, 4]. though the use of IR spectroscopy
1
[5, 6] for biomedical applications has had a long history [7], the last decade
1
many issues are summarized in [6].