L
Leucine enkephaline, 216
Lifetime, 6, 16, 22, 24–26, 29, 37, 40, 80–81,
86, 87, 90–94, 96, 106, 111, 112, 122,
132, 136, 154, 156, 159, 166, 169,
171–173, 175, 176, 191, 195, 203
Local density approximation (LDA), 48, 55
Lorentz force, 1
Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO),
7, 15, 49, 113
Luciferase, 12, 13, 111
Luminescence, 27, 28, 121
Luminophore, 13, 106, 111
LUMO. See Lowest unoccupied molecular
orbital (LUMO)
M
Magnetic fields, 1
Many-body perturbation theory (MBPT), 50
Mass spectrometry, 5, 15, 32, 106–108, 142,
183, 190, 203, 222
Matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation
(MALDI), 22, 183, 210
Metalloporphyrin, 12, 118
Microenvironment, 106, 111, 120, 121, 127,
134–136, 193, 194
Molecular dynamics (MD), 46, 53, 56–58, 73
Molecular orbital (MO), 4, 7, 8, 12, 47, 51, 56,
144, 157, 158, 197, 214, 215
Multiphoton, 126, 156, 186
Multiply charged anions, 3, 106, 201
Myoglobin, 28, 118, 125, 145, 146, 148
N
Nitric oxide (NO), 119–129, 132, 133, 135,
185, 193, 198
Nitrophenolate, 113, 144
Non-adiabatic excited-state dynamics, 58
Nonstatistical dissociation, 190, 202
Nucleic acid, 1–3, 12, 182, 183, 202
Nucleobase, 17, 182, 183, 185, 186, 188, 210
Nucleotide, 1, 181–203
O
Oligonucleotide, 1, 107, 183, 185, 186, 190,
192, 197–200, 202, 211
Oscillator strength, 8, 14, 15, 90, 155–157, 182,
193, 194
Oxyluciferin, 12, 13, 111–114
P
Peptide, 3–6, 13, 29–31, 54, 108–111,
141–145, 149–151, 176, 177, 209–224
Perturbation theory, 50, 51, 90, 95
PES. See Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES)
Phenolate, 12, 68, 114, 144
Phenylalanine (Phe), 3, 5, 12, 142, 155–158,
164, 165, 168, 175–176, 214–217, 219,
221, 222
Phosphorescence (P), 6
Photoactive yellow protein (PYP), 12, 13
Photodamage, 182, 192
Photodetachment (PD), 67, 76–78, 82–84, 86,
88–90, 92–94, 97, 99, 125, 143, 145,
147, 148, 150, 151, 159, 185, 198,
199, 201
Photodissociation, 23, 28, 30–32, 34, 126, 129,
132, 143, 156, 161, 175, 176, 183–190,
194, 196, 202
Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), 47–50, 58,
68, 72, 76, 90, 99, 199–202
Photoexcitation, 5, 23, 25–27, 30–32, 34–36,
42, 72–73, 86, 90, 106, 110, 111, 121,
128–134, 142, 144, 150, 151, 159, 161,
167, 170, 172, 189–192, 198, 202, 214
Photofragmentation, 35, 37, 73, 143–144, 147,
149, 158–163, 165, 166, 177, 189,
211–221
Photophysical processes, 6–7, 133
Photostability, 181, 182
Photosynthesis, 17, 68, 118, 210
Polarisation, 46, 49, 53–56
Polyproline, 108, 109
Porphin, 118, 119
Porphyrin, 12, 118, 120–125, 127, 129–134
Potential energy surface, 22, 42, 47, 71, 74, 88,
91, 94, 95, 105, 168, 173, 182
Prompt dissociation, 30, 32, 42, 188, 190
Prompt fragmentation, 191
Protein, 4, 5, 11–13, 15–17, 28, 29, 45, 49, 51,
53–58, 67–99, 106–109, 111, 113, 114,
118–121, 124–127, 129, 130, 136,
141–151, 155, 156, 177, 211, 220, 222
Protoporphyrin IX (PP), 117–136
Pump-probe, 93, 132–134, 162, 171, 173, 190,
191, 220, 222
Q
Q band, 118–123, 125–127, 129, 135
QET. See Quasi-equilibrium theory (QET)
Quadruplexes, 197
Index
229
Leucine enkephaline, 216
Lifetime, 6, 16, 22, 24–26, 29, 37, 40, 80–81,
86, 87, 90–94, 96, 106, 111, 112, 122,
132, 136, 154, 156, 159, 166, 169,
171–173, 175, 176, 191, 195, 203
Local density approximation (LDA), 48, 55
Lorentz force, 1
Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO),
7, 15, 49, 113
Luciferase, 12, 13, 111
Luminescence, 27, 28, 121
Luminophore, 13, 106, 111
LUMO. See Lowest unoccupied molecular
orbital (LUMO)
M
Magnetic fields, 1
Many-body perturbation theory (MBPT), 50
Mass spectrometry, 5, 15, 32, 106–108, 142,
183, 190, 203, 222
Matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation
(MALDI), 22, 183, 210
Metalloporphyrin, 12, 118
Microenvironment, 106, 111, 120, 121, 127,
134–136, 193, 194
Molecular dynamics (MD), 46, 53, 56–58, 73
Molecular orbital (MO), 4, 7, 8, 12, 47, 51, 56,
144, 157, 158, 197, 214, 215
Multiphoton, 126, 156, 186
Multiply charged anions, 3, 106, 201
Myoglobin, 28, 118, 125, 145, 146, 148
N
Nitric oxide (NO), 119–129, 132, 133, 135,
185, 193, 198
Nitrophenolate, 113, 144
Non-adiabatic excited-state dynamics, 58
Nonstatistical dissociation, 190, 202
Nucleic acid, 1–3, 12, 182, 183, 202
Nucleobase, 17, 182, 183, 185, 186, 188, 210
Nucleotide, 1, 181–203
O
Oligonucleotide, 1, 107, 183, 185, 186, 190,
192, 197–200, 202, 211
Oscillator strength, 8, 14, 15, 90, 155–157, 182,
193, 194
Oxyluciferin, 12, 13, 111–114
P
Peptide, 3–6, 13, 29–31, 54, 108–111,
141–145, 149–151, 176, 177, 209–224
Perturbation theory, 50, 51, 90, 95
PES. See Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES)
Phenolate, 12, 68, 114, 144
Phenylalanine (Phe), 3, 5, 12, 142, 155–158,
164, 165, 168, 175–176, 214–217, 219,
221, 222
Phosphorescence (P), 6
Photoactive yellow protein (PYP), 12, 13
Photodamage, 182, 192
Photodetachment (PD), 67, 76–78, 82–84, 86,
88–90, 92–94, 97, 99, 125, 143, 145,
147, 148, 150, 151, 159, 185, 198,
199, 201
Photodissociation, 23, 28, 30–32, 34, 126, 129,
132, 143, 156, 161, 175, 176, 183–190,
194, 196, 202
Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), 47–50, 58,
68, 72, 76, 90, 99, 199–202
Photoexcitation, 5, 23, 25–27, 30–32, 34–36,
42, 72–73, 86, 90, 106, 110, 111, 121,
128–134, 142, 144, 150, 151, 159, 161,
167, 170, 172, 189–192, 198, 202, 214
Photofragmentation, 35, 37, 73, 143–144, 147,
149, 158–163, 165, 166, 177, 189,
211–221
Photophysical processes, 6–7, 133
Photostability, 181, 182
Photosynthesis, 17, 68, 118, 210
Polarisation, 46, 49, 53–56
Polyproline, 108, 109
Porphin, 118, 119
Porphyrin, 12, 118, 120–125, 127, 129–134
Potential energy surface, 22, 42, 47, 71, 74, 88,
91, 94, 95, 105, 168, 173, 182
Prompt dissociation, 30, 32, 42, 188, 190
Prompt fragmentation, 191
Protein, 4, 5, 11–13, 15–17, 28, 29, 45, 49, 51,
53–58, 67–99, 106–109, 111, 113, 114,
118–121, 124–127, 129, 130, 136,
141–151, 155, 156, 177, 211, 220, 222
Protoporphyrin IX (PP), 117–136
Pump-probe, 93, 132–134, 162, 171, 173, 190,
191, 220, 222
Q
Q band, 118–123, 125–127, 129, 135
QET. See Quasi-equilibrium theory (QET)
Quadruplexes, 197
Index
229