5.4 Theoretical Study of Biomechanical Characteristics of Skeletal …
397
amplitude on the applied load are illustrated in Fig. 5.13a, and dependencies of
intensity distribution of the radiation scattered from the skin surface relative to z are
shown in Fig. 5.13b. The obtained data gave the possibility to determine the ways of
optimization of the optical scheme of the illuminating–receiving head.
The optical scheme of the illuminating–receiving head should be calculated in
such a way that the angles of incidence and dispersion of radiation were small,
and then muscle oscillation amplitude will be within the limits of the linear area
of intensity distribution of the radiation scattered by the skin. The obtained results
give the possibility to use the laser specklometer in the optimal way for studying
vibration characteristics of muscles. Thus, both isometric and isotonic contraction
and stretching of the skeletal muscle of vertebrates were theoretically studied. It
was shown that the muscle oscillation amplitude reaches several microns [106]. The
spatial intensity distribution of the scattered radiation was calculated for cases of
small incident angles of the optical radiation onto the oscillating skin surface. It was
shown that the muscle oscillation amplitude does not exceed z corresponding to
the linear area of the intensity distribution.
5.5 Study on Optimization of Parameters of Measuring
Path of the Laser Specklometer
As it was previously shown, biological tissues are more complex systems; in particular, these are whole muscles, integument tissues, ensemble of cells, etc. That is why
before moving on to the application of the laser specklometer in medical–biological studies and clinical practice the researches were conducted on optimization of
parameters of measuring path of the laser specklometer applied to the diagnostics of
determination of vibration activity of technical issues. The speckle-optical method
of studying vibration activity of the microinstrument of an ultrasonic welding system
(USWS) was developed and introduced for these purposes.
This method can also be used for measurement of oscillation amplitudes of details
and components of an engine, determination of resonance frequencies to control the
destruction of a product due to changes in vibration amplitude, study of ultrasonic
acoustic transducers for optimization of constructions of ultrasonic welding systems
of microelectronic technique, etc. During the experiments, a laboratory prototype of
the laser specklometer was assembled, with the help of which the study of vibration activity of the microinstrument of an ultrasonic welding system (USWS) was
conducted.
It is known that ultrasonic microwelding is one of the most widespread technological operations during assembling products of electronic technique (integrated
circuits, etc.). Loading force, time of welding and oscillations of the microinstrument are the main parameters of ultrasonic welding. But calibration and control of
oscillation amplitude of the microinstrument during the process of welding are the
most complicated processes.
397
amplitude on the applied load are illustrated in Fig. 5.13a, and dependencies of
intensity distribution of the radiation scattered from the skin surface relative to z are
shown in Fig. 5.13b. The obtained data gave the possibility to determine the ways of
optimization of the optical scheme of the illuminating–receiving head.
The optical scheme of the illuminating–receiving head should be calculated in
such a way that the angles of incidence and dispersion of radiation were small,
and then muscle oscillation amplitude will be within the limits of the linear area
of intensity distribution of the radiation scattered by the skin. The obtained results
give the possibility to use the laser specklometer in the optimal way for studying
vibration characteristics of muscles. Thus, both isometric and isotonic contraction
and stretching of the skeletal muscle of vertebrates were theoretically studied. It
was shown that the muscle oscillation amplitude reaches several microns [106]. The
spatial intensity distribution of the scattered radiation was calculated for cases of
small incident angles of the optical radiation onto the oscillating skin surface. It was
shown that the muscle oscillation amplitude does not exceed z corresponding to
the linear area of the intensity distribution.
5.5 Study on Optimization of Parameters of Measuring
Path of the Laser Specklometer
As it was previously shown, biological tissues are more complex systems; in particular, these are whole muscles, integument tissues, ensemble of cells, etc. That is why
before moving on to the application of the laser specklometer in medical–biological studies and clinical practice the researches were conducted on optimization of
parameters of measuring path of the laser specklometer applied to the diagnostics of
determination of vibration activity of technical issues. The speckle-optical method
of studying vibration activity of the microinstrument of an ultrasonic welding system
(USWS) was developed and introduced for these purposes.
This method can also be used for measurement of oscillation amplitudes of details
and components of an engine, determination of resonance frequencies to control the
destruction of a product due to changes in vibration amplitude, study of ultrasonic
acoustic transducers for optimization of constructions of ultrasonic welding systems
of microelectronic technique, etc. During the experiments, a laboratory prototype of
the laser specklometer was assembled, with the help of which the study of vibration activity of the microinstrument of an ultrasonic welding system (USWS) was
conducted.
It is known that ultrasonic microwelding is one of the most widespread technological operations during assembling products of electronic technique (integrated
circuits, etc.). Loading force, time of welding and oscillations of the microinstrument are the main parameters of ultrasonic welding. But calibration and control of
oscillation amplitude of the microinstrument during the process of welding are the
most complicated processes.