9.4 Penetration Depth Increase in Laser Welding Under Vacuum …
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Fig. 9.17 Variation of keyhole wall temperature with welding speed under different ambient
pressures
Fig. 9.18 Simulation results of the average keyhole wall temperature variation with welding speed
in fiber laser welding of 304 stainless steel under vacuum and atmospheric conditions
where the specific heat ratio γ is 5/3, K is 2.05. The supersonic ejection condition
can be determined from Eq. (9.16):
P amb ≤ P c
(9.19)
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