5.6 Additional Methods
175
Fig. 5.18 Schematic drawing of a typical LIBS setup in comparison to a spatially-selective
microscope-coupled experiment acquiring element signal from micro-sized plasma plumes
in suitable static lifescience samples was pursued. In this context, also a commercial (external) platform in its development phase was tested for this purpose, with
the μLIPS test system utilising UV pulses in a conventional optical microscope
with microprecise control over the sample position. In fact, this non-semiconductor
study motivated further investigations and methods development which require more
concentrated efforts and long-term investments to become fruitful. Particularly, the
differentiation between organic materials, such as polymers, soil, cells, food etc.
remains a fundamental challenge for future endeavours in this field, which could be
best tackled with artificial-intelligence schemes.
The interested reader is referred to topical reviews in the LIPS literature, e.g.,
on food analysis [167], biomedical or biological applications [168, 169], and other
novel applications [170].
In a different study, plasma parameters were studied for molybdenum samples
to improve the measurement capabilities by Abdrabou and co-workers [171] based
on the expertise in the El-Sherbini group in Cairo: Firstly, optimised measurement
parameters were identified through variations of the laser fluencies, delay time and
distance from the target surface in a 10-Hz 2-ns-pulsed laser spectroscopy setup
(with frequency-doubled Q-switched Nd:YAG, UV-compatible quartz lenses, and
iCCD). Secondly, the molybdenum-I lines were corrected against self-absorption
and the corrected values of the plasma’s temperature and the electron density using
the presence of the hydrogen H α -line were obtained.
175
Fig. 5.18 Schematic drawing of a typical LIBS setup in comparison to a spatially-selective
microscope-coupled experiment acquiring element signal from micro-sized plasma plumes
in suitable static lifescience samples was pursued. In this context, also a commercial (external) platform in its development phase was tested for this purpose, with
the μLIPS test system utilising UV pulses in a conventional optical microscope
with microprecise control over the sample position. In fact, this non-semiconductor
study motivated further investigations and methods development which require more
concentrated efforts and long-term investments to become fruitful. Particularly, the
differentiation between organic materials, such as polymers, soil, cells, food etc.
remains a fundamental challenge for future endeavours in this field, which could be
best tackled with artificial-intelligence schemes.
The interested reader is referred to topical reviews in the LIPS literature, e.g.,
on food analysis [167], biomedical or biological applications [168, 169], and other
novel applications [170].
In a different study, plasma parameters were studied for molybdenum samples
to improve the measurement capabilities by Abdrabou and co-workers [171] based
on the expertise in the El-Sherbini group in Cairo: Firstly, optimised measurement
parameters were identified through variations of the laser fluencies, delay time and
distance from the target surface in a 10-Hz 2-ns-pulsed laser spectroscopy setup
(with frequency-doubled Q-switched Nd:YAG, UV-compatible quartz lenses, and
iCCD). Secondly, the molybdenum-I lines were corrected against self-absorption
and the corrected values of the plasma’s temperature and the electron density using
the presence of the hydrogen H α -line were obtained.