Chapter 3
Bio-microelectromechanical Systems
(BioMEMS) in Bio-sensing
Applications-Fluorescence Detection
Strategies
Luis Acosta-Soto and Samira Hosseini
3.1 Introduction
The phenomenon of light emission upon a molecule absorbing electromagnetic
energy is called fluorescence (Li et al. 2019). Fluorescence sensing is based on the
theory of the target analytes mediated fluorescence quenching (“turn-off”) or fluorescence enhancement (“turn-on”) (Zhang 2019). Fluorescence biosensors operate
based on the measurement of the fluorescence intensity. BioMEMS biosensors are
recognized for their portability, excellent sensitivity, rapid analysis, and outstanding
selectivity and have been extensively applied for the detection of different biomarkers
(Li et al. 2019; Zhang 2019). Fluorescence detection method after colorimetric is
the most commonly used spectroscopic method compared to other optical sensing
strategies. For data analysis, fluorescence measurements relies on a variety of parameters, including fluorescence intensity, anisotropy, lifetime, emission and excitation
spectra, fluorescence decay, and quantum yield (Li et al. 2019).
Fluorescence biosensors can help researchers study and analyze complex chemical processes within cells by incorporation of specific substances into the host
cells (Ali et al. 2017). In comparison to the colorimetric detection strategy, fluorescence detection offers higher capacity of anti-inference, and higher sensitivity
(Zhang 2019). Fluorescence detection, however, suffers from certain shortcomings
including bleaching, light sensitivity, and background noise in signal readout.
L. Acosta-Soto · S. Hosseini (B)
School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
e-mail: samira.hosseini@tec.mx
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer
Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
S. Hosseini et al., BioMEMS, Lecture Notes in Bioengineering,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6382-9_3
69
Bio-microelectromechanical Systems
(BioMEMS) in Bio-sensing
Applications-Fluorescence Detection
Strategies
Luis Acosta-Soto and Samira Hosseini
3.1 Introduction
The phenomenon of light emission upon a molecule absorbing electromagnetic
energy is called fluorescence (Li et al. 2019). Fluorescence sensing is based on the
theory of the target analytes mediated fluorescence quenching (“turn-off”) or fluorescence enhancement (“turn-on”) (Zhang 2019). Fluorescence biosensors operate
based on the measurement of the fluorescence intensity. BioMEMS biosensors are
recognized for their portability, excellent sensitivity, rapid analysis, and outstanding
selectivity and have been extensively applied for the detection of different biomarkers
(Li et al. 2019; Zhang 2019). Fluorescence detection method after colorimetric is
the most commonly used spectroscopic method compared to other optical sensing
strategies. For data analysis, fluorescence measurements relies on a variety of parameters, including fluorescence intensity, anisotropy, lifetime, emission and excitation
spectra, fluorescence decay, and quantum yield (Li et al. 2019).
Fluorescence biosensors can help researchers study and analyze complex chemical processes within cells by incorporation of specific substances into the host
cells (Ali et al. 2017). In comparison to the colorimetric detection strategy, fluorescence detection offers higher capacity of anti-inference, and higher sensitivity
(Zhang 2019). Fluorescence detection, however, suffers from certain shortcomings
including bleaching, light sensitivity, and background noise in signal readout.
L. Acosta-Soto · S. Hosseini (B)
School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
e-mail: samira.hosseini@tec.mx
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer
Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
S. Hosseini et al., BioMEMS, Lecture Notes in Bioengineering,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6382-9_3
69