88
4 Scalable Interdigitated Photoconductive Emitters for the Electrical …
scheme for converting the linear pulses produced by the multi-pixel devices into
circular polarisation states was presented, which would allow rapid spectroscopic
measurements of circular dichroic properties of materials at THz frequencies due to
the fast electrical polarisation modulation capabilities of the multi-pixel devices.
In future work, a combination of simulation and experiment may allow the device
layout to be further optimised, by possibly reducing the pixel size and scaling up
to a higher number of pixels. This optimisation may allow the next generation of
devices to produce more uniform Gaussian beams, and to reduce the ellipticity of
the THz pulses, at high frequencies. The general concept of pixel-based photoconductive devices also has further applications in polarisation-resolved THz detection,
for spectroscopy, imaging and THz beam profiling. Detection using a device with
the same layout as the one presented in this chapter would allow the simultaneous
measurement of two orthogonal components of THz radiation. A similar device consisting of a large number of smaller pixels may allow the spatial extent of a THz
beam to be determined simultaneously in a polarisation-resolved manner.
References
1. Castro-Camus E, Alfaro M (2016) Photon Res 4:A36
2. Burford NM, El-Shenawee MO (2017) Opt. Eng. 56:010901
3. Winnerl S, Zimmermann B, Peter F, Schneider H, Helm M (2009) Opt. Express 17:1571
4. Kan K et al (2013) Appl. Phys. Lett. 102
5. Waselikowski S, Fischer C, Wallauer J, Walther M (2013) J. Phys. 15:75005
6. Cliffe MJ, Rodak A, Graham DM, Jamison SP (2014) Appl. Phys. Lett. 105:191112
7. Castro-Camus E et al (2005) Appl. Phys. Lett. 86:3
8. Hirota Y, Hattori R, Tani M, Hangyo M (2006) Opt. Express 14:4486
9. Mosley CDW, Failla M, Prabhakaran D, Lloyd-Hughes J (2017) Sci. Reports 7:12337
10. Stutzman WL, Thiele GA (2012) Antenna theory and design. Wiley, New York
11. Froberg N, Hu BB, Zhang X-C, Auston D (1992) IEEE J Quantum Electr 28:2291
12. Berry CW, Hashemi MR, Jarrahi M (2014) Appl Phys Lett 104:081122
13. Dreyhaupt A, Winnerl S, Dekorsy T, Helm M (2005) Appl Phys Lett 86:1
14. Hattori T, Egawa K, Ookuma S-I, Itatani T (2006) Jpn J Appl Phys 45:L422
15. Merck Performance Materials GmbH, AZ 5214 E Image Reversal Photoresist
16. van der Valk NCJ, Wenckebach T, Planken PCM (2004) J Opt Soc Amer B 21:622
17. van der Valk NCJ, van der Marel WAM, Planken PCM (2005) Opt Lett 30:2802
18. Ralph SE, Grischkowsky D (1991) Appl Phys Lett 59:1972
19. Gregory I et al (2005) IEEE J Quantum Electr 41:717
20. Castro-Camus E, Lloyd-Hughes J, Johnston MB (2005) Phys Rev B 71:195301
21. Dai J, Zhang J, Zhang W, Grischkowsky D (2004) J Opt Soc Amer B 21:1379
22. Aschaffenburg DJ et al (2012) Appl Phys Lett 100:241114
4 Scalable Interdigitated Photoconductive Emitters for the Electrical …
scheme for converting the linear pulses produced by the multi-pixel devices into
circular polarisation states was presented, which would allow rapid spectroscopic
measurements of circular dichroic properties of materials at THz frequencies due to
the fast electrical polarisation modulation capabilities of the multi-pixel devices.
In future work, a combination of simulation and experiment may allow the device
layout to be further optimised, by possibly reducing the pixel size and scaling up
to a higher number of pixels. This optimisation may allow the next generation of
devices to produce more uniform Gaussian beams, and to reduce the ellipticity of
the THz pulses, at high frequencies. The general concept of pixel-based photoconductive devices also has further applications in polarisation-resolved THz detection,
for spectroscopy, imaging and THz beam profiling. Detection using a device with
the same layout as the one presented in this chapter would allow the simultaneous
measurement of two orthogonal components of THz radiation. A similar device consisting of a large number of smaller pixels may allow the spatial extent of a THz
beam to be determined simultaneously in a polarisation-resolved manner.
References
1. Castro-Camus E, Alfaro M (2016) Photon Res 4:A36
2. Burford NM, El-Shenawee MO (2017) Opt. Eng. 56:010901
3. Winnerl S, Zimmermann B, Peter F, Schneider H, Helm M (2009) Opt. Express 17:1571
4. Kan K et al (2013) Appl. Phys. Lett. 102
5. Waselikowski S, Fischer C, Wallauer J, Walther M (2013) J. Phys. 15:75005
6. Cliffe MJ, Rodak A, Graham DM, Jamison SP (2014) Appl. Phys. Lett. 105:191112
7. Castro-Camus E et al (2005) Appl. Phys. Lett. 86:3
8. Hirota Y, Hattori R, Tani M, Hangyo M (2006) Opt. Express 14:4486
9. Mosley CDW, Failla M, Prabhakaran D, Lloyd-Hughes J (2017) Sci. Reports 7:12337
10. Stutzman WL, Thiele GA (2012) Antenna theory and design. Wiley, New York
11. Froberg N, Hu BB, Zhang X-C, Auston D (1992) IEEE J Quantum Electr 28:2291
12. Berry CW, Hashemi MR, Jarrahi M (2014) Appl Phys Lett 104:081122
13. Dreyhaupt A, Winnerl S, Dekorsy T, Helm M (2005) Appl Phys Lett 86:1
14. Hattori T, Egawa K, Ookuma S-I, Itatani T (2006) Jpn J Appl Phys 45:L422
15. Merck Performance Materials GmbH, AZ 5214 E Image Reversal Photoresist
16. van der Valk NCJ, Wenckebach T, Planken PCM (2004) J Opt Soc Amer B 21:622
17. van der Valk NCJ, van der Marel WAM, Planken PCM (2005) Opt Lett 30:2802
18. Ralph SE, Grischkowsky D (1991) Appl Phys Lett 59:1972
19. Gregory I et al (2005) IEEE J Quantum Electr 41:717
20. Castro-Camus E, Lloyd-Hughes J, Johnston MB (2005) Phys Rev B 71:195301
21. Dai J, Zhang J, Zhang W, Grischkowsky D (2004) J Opt Soc Amer B 21:1379
22. Aschaffenburg DJ et al (2012) Appl Phys Lett 100:241114