Chapter 18
Effective Surface Properties of Light
and Medium Mass Exotic-Nuclei
Abdul Quddus and S. K. Patra
Abstract In this work, we have calculated the effective surface properties such as the
symmetry energy, neutron pressure, and symmetry energy curvature for the neutrondeficient/rich isotopes of light and medium mass nuclei. For this, we have considered
the isotopic series of O, Ca, Ni, and Zr, which are proton magic isotopes. The groundstate properties of these isotopes along with the density distribution of nucleons are
calculated within the spherically symmetric relativistic mean field model by using
the recently developed IOPB-I parameter set, and the widely used NL3 set. The
calculated densities of the isotopes are used in coherent density fluctuation model in
order to calculate the effective surface properties. We found the surface properties
as non-traditional way to predict the shell/sub-shell closure of nuclei. The present
investigations are quite relevant for the synthesis of exotic-nuclei with high isospin
asymmetry also to constrain an equation of state of nuclear matter.
18.1 Introduction
The nuclear symmetry energy is defined as the energy required to convert one neutron
to proton or vice-versa. It is important for both the systems, finite nuclei and infinite
nuclear matter, having significant role in different areas of nuclear physics. For
example, in structure of ground state nuclei [1–3], dynamics of heavy-ion reactions
[4, 5], physics of giant collective excitation [6], and physics of neutron star [7–10].
As stated in [11], the astrophysical observations and availability of exotic beam in
a laboratory have raised an interest in the symmetry energy. Nuclei near the dripline have been understood with the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy
A. Quddus
Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
e-mail: abdulquddusphy@gmail.com
S. K. Patra (B)
Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
e-mail: patra@iopb.res.in
Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400085, India
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
R. K. Puri et al. (eds.), Advances in Nuclear Physics, Springer Proceedings
in Physics 257, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9062-7_18
263
Effective Surface Properties of Light
and Medium Mass Exotic-Nuclei
Abdul Quddus and S. K. Patra
Abstract In this work, we have calculated the effective surface properties such as the
symmetry energy, neutron pressure, and symmetry energy curvature for the neutrondeficient/rich isotopes of light and medium mass nuclei. For this, we have considered
the isotopic series of O, Ca, Ni, and Zr, which are proton magic isotopes. The groundstate properties of these isotopes along with the density distribution of nucleons are
calculated within the spherically symmetric relativistic mean field model by using
the recently developed IOPB-I parameter set, and the widely used NL3 set. The
calculated densities of the isotopes are used in coherent density fluctuation model in
order to calculate the effective surface properties. We found the surface properties
as non-traditional way to predict the shell/sub-shell closure of nuclei. The present
investigations are quite relevant for the synthesis of exotic-nuclei with high isospin
asymmetry also to constrain an equation of state of nuclear matter.
18.1 Introduction
The nuclear symmetry energy is defined as the energy required to convert one neutron
to proton or vice-versa. It is important for both the systems, finite nuclei and infinite
nuclear matter, having significant role in different areas of nuclear physics. For
example, in structure of ground state nuclei [1–3], dynamics of heavy-ion reactions
[4, 5], physics of giant collective excitation [6], and physics of neutron star [7–10].
As stated in [11], the astrophysical observations and availability of exotic beam in
a laboratory have raised an interest in the symmetry energy. Nuclei near the dripline have been understood with the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy
A. Quddus
Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
e-mail: abdulquddusphy@gmail.com
S. K. Patra (B)
Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
e-mail: patra@iopb.res.in
Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400085, India
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
R. K. Puri et al. (eds.), Advances in Nuclear Physics, Springer Proceedings
in Physics 257, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9062-7_18
263