202
6 Power Technology of Lunar Lander
6.3 Mission Requirements and Characteristics
Compared with conventional spacecraft, the orbit of the lunar lander was complex
with harsh environment and stringent mass constraints [6]. After landed on the moon,
the lunar lander would experience near 300 °C temperature difference between lunar
daytime and night. In addition, the effect of lunar dust on solar cell performance
should be considered. At the same time, it was a challenge to provide power during
the lunar night.
6.3.1 Functional Requirements
The major functions of the lunar lander power system included power generation, energy storage, power supply (including battery charging and discharging),
autonomous hibernation and awakening control.
1. Power Generation and Storage
During all phases of the lunar lander, when the solar cells were exposed to the sun,
the solar cells converted solar energy into electrical energy to power the lunar lander
and stored energy for the battery packs to meet power requirement of the lunar lander.
During all phases, when the solar cells did not work (in the shadow, solar
panels unfolded, orbit change, powered descent and lunar night) or the energy
was insufficient, the lunar lander was powered by the battery packs to meet power
requirement.
2. Power Supply
Before launch, when the power system was switched to provide power by battery
packs of the lunar lander, the power system would pass launch, LTO, circumlunar,
powered descent and landing, operation on lunar surface and lunar night, when the
power system performed battery charge and discharge control, and support power
for all electric devices of the lunar lander. At the same time, the power system of the
lunar lander would power the lunar rover and charge the battery of the lunar rover,
as well as be powered by the battery of the lunar rover
3. Autonomous Hibernation and Awakening
During lunar night of 14 Earth days, the solar cells of the lunar lander could not
output power without illumination. The energy requirement of the lunar lander in
the minimum mode could not be satisfied by the battery packs. Therefore, the lunar
lander should be able to be hibernated will all instruments shut off before lunar night
and awakened autonomously to recover normal operation when the lunar daytime
was coming.
6 Power Technology of Lunar Lander
6.3 Mission Requirements and Characteristics
Compared with conventional spacecraft, the orbit of the lunar lander was complex
with harsh environment and stringent mass constraints [6]. After landed on the moon,
the lunar lander would experience near 300 °C temperature difference between lunar
daytime and night. In addition, the effect of lunar dust on solar cell performance
should be considered. At the same time, it was a challenge to provide power during
the lunar night.
6.3.1 Functional Requirements
The major functions of the lunar lander power system included power generation, energy storage, power supply (including battery charging and discharging),
autonomous hibernation and awakening control.
1. Power Generation and Storage
During all phases of the lunar lander, when the solar cells were exposed to the sun,
the solar cells converted solar energy into electrical energy to power the lunar lander
and stored energy for the battery packs to meet power requirement of the lunar lander.
During all phases, when the solar cells did not work (in the shadow, solar
panels unfolded, orbit change, powered descent and lunar night) or the energy
was insufficient, the lunar lander was powered by the battery packs to meet power
requirement.
2. Power Supply
Before launch, when the power system was switched to provide power by battery
packs of the lunar lander, the power system would pass launch, LTO, circumlunar,
powered descent and landing, operation on lunar surface and lunar night, when the
power system performed battery charge and discharge control, and support power
for all electric devices of the lunar lander. At the same time, the power system of the
lunar lander would power the lunar rover and charge the battery of the lunar rover,
as well as be powered by the battery of the lunar rover
3. Autonomous Hibernation and Awakening
During lunar night of 14 Earth days, the solar cells of the lunar lander could not
output power without illumination. The energy requirement of the lunar lander in
the minimum mode could not be satisfied by the battery packs. Therefore, the lunar
lander should be able to be hibernated will all instruments shut off before lunar night
and awakened autonomously to recover normal operation when the lunar daytime
was coming.