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recognition of unexpected results such as environmental degradation and nutrition
problems. Implementation of these policies has caused a decoupling of production
and consumption. As a result, agricultural policies that represent the production or
supply side have been implemented apart from nutrition policies, which are relevant
to the consumption or demand side. In other words, because agricultural policies
and nutrition policies have their own framings and because these framings are not
integrated, many problems have occurred. It must be considered how decoupled
production or supply can be combined with consumption or demand. In this connection, people’s understanding of value that should reflect the shadow price must be
transformed. Psychological strategies of providing proper information must be
implemented with the SDGs, which are assumed to combine selected aims and targets based on particular contexts by stakeholders such as national governments,
local municipalities, private companies, and international organizations.
Keywords Poverty · Food security · Market function · Decoupled production and
consumption · Development strategies
8.1 Introduction
This chapter addresses current problems of food security, which is considered as
one of the most important factors in development strategies to alleviate poverty, by
examining relevant policies on agriculture and by discussing different ways to frame
food security strategies. The purpose of development strategies for food security has
been primarily to enhance market function. Although, as discussed later, new development strategies have been proposed and implemented after recognizing various
newly arising issues to be considered, the above purpose has been essentially
unchanged. In other words, the basic framing has remained the same. Development
strategies should be supported by corresponding economic theories, which should
have been also evolved so that they may support enhancing the market function. The
transition of development strategies for food security and poverty alleviation are
discussed hereafter along with the supporting economic theories.
Poverty alleviation has been put on the main development agenda at both the
national and international levels. As indicated in a series of studies by Amartya
Kumar Sen (Sen 1981; Drèze and Sen 1989; Sen 1999), the poverty issue must be
investigated from the viewpoints of various dimensions including the amount of
goods, services, and income as well as the freedom of utilizing them, people’s
behavior, and the state of human life. Thus, the framing for poverty alleviation must
reflect these various dimensions. The most famous definition of sustainable development was provided in Our Common Future by the Brundtland Commission (UN
1987) as follows: development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This definition
strongly implies the importance of the ethical dimension. The Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) were announced on January 1, 2016, with 17 aims and
H. Matsuda et al.
recognition of unexpected results such as environmental degradation and nutrition
problems. Implementation of these policies has caused a decoupling of production
and consumption. As a result, agricultural policies that represent the production or
supply side have been implemented apart from nutrition policies, which are relevant
to the consumption or demand side. In other words, because agricultural policies
and nutrition policies have their own framings and because these framings are not
integrated, many problems have occurred. It must be considered how decoupled
production or supply can be combined with consumption or demand. In this connection, people’s understanding of value that should reflect the shadow price must be
transformed. Psychological strategies of providing proper information must be
implemented with the SDGs, which are assumed to combine selected aims and targets based on particular contexts by stakeholders such as national governments,
local municipalities, private companies, and international organizations.
Keywords Poverty · Food security · Market function · Decoupled production and
consumption · Development strategies
8.1 Introduction
This chapter addresses current problems of food security, which is considered as
one of the most important factors in development strategies to alleviate poverty, by
examining relevant policies on agriculture and by discussing different ways to frame
food security strategies. The purpose of development strategies for food security has
been primarily to enhance market function. Although, as discussed later, new development strategies have been proposed and implemented after recognizing various
newly arising issues to be considered, the above purpose has been essentially
unchanged. In other words, the basic framing has remained the same. Development
strategies should be supported by corresponding economic theories, which should
have been also evolved so that they may support enhancing the market function. The
transition of development strategies for food security and poverty alleviation are
discussed hereafter along with the supporting economic theories.
Poverty alleviation has been put on the main development agenda at both the
national and international levels. As indicated in a series of studies by Amartya
Kumar Sen (Sen 1981; Drèze and Sen 1989; Sen 1999), the poverty issue must be
investigated from the viewpoints of various dimensions including the amount of
goods, services, and income as well as the freedom of utilizing them, people’s
behavior, and the state of human life. Thus, the framing for poverty alleviation must
reflect these various dimensions. The most famous definition of sustainable development was provided in Our Common Future by the Brundtland Commission (UN
1987) as follows: development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This definition
strongly implies the importance of the ethical dimension. The Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) were announced on January 1, 2016, with 17 aims and
H. Matsuda et al.