69
Table 4.4 Current situation of lithium-ion batteries and future scenarios
Current situation
2020
2030
Battery type
LiNi-C based
LiNi-C based
Li-S based
Production scale [GWh/y]
1(10)
10
10
Yield [%]
66(90)
90
90
Energy density [Wh/kg]
250
340
530
Active substances (positive electrode/negative electrode)
LiNi
0.85 Co
0.12 Al
0.03 O
2 /
graphite
LiNi
0.85 Co
0.12 Al
0.03 O
2 /
graphite
S-C/Li
Positive/negative electrode capacity density [mAh/g]
200/300
270/380
1500/2900
Comparison of actual capacity of positive/negative electrodes and theoretical
values
0.71/0.78
0.97/0.99
0.9/0.75
Production costs [Yen/Wh]
Variable
costs
Raw material
costs
10.2(7.5)
4.8
5.5
Utilities expenses 0.5(0.4)
0.4
0.1
Fixed costs
3.2(1.7)
1.4
1.0
Total
13.9(9.6)
6.6
6.6
Source: Created based on materials from the Center for Low-Carbon Society Strategy, Japan Science and Technology Agency
4.1 Future Image of Renewable Energy