145
© The Author(s) 2020
M. Gummert et al. (eds.), Sustainable Rice Straw Management,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32373-8_9
Chapter 9
Rice Straw Management Effects
on Greenhouse Gas Emissions
and Mitigation Options
Justin Allen, Kristine S. Pascual, Ryan R. Romasanta, Mai Van Trinh,
Tran Van Thach, Nguyen Van Hung, Bjoern Ole Sander,
and Pauline Chivenge
Abstract Lowland rice is a significant source of anthropogenic greenhouse gas
emissions (GHGEs) and the primary source of agricultural emissions for many
developing countries in Asia. At the same time, rice soils represent one of the largest
global soil organic carbon sinks. Straw management is a key factor in controlling
the emissions and mitigation potential of rice primarily by affecting methane (CH 4 )
from anaerobic decomposition and carbon losses from burning. Achieving climatesmart management of rice while also improving yields and farm profits, however, is
challenging due to economic-environmental trade-offs. This balance could be met
with appropriate site-specific practices. This chapter discusses these straw management practices that affect yield-scaled GHGEs and mitigation options in different
rice environments.
Keywords Greenhouse gas emissions · GHG · Mitigation · Rice straw
J. Allen (*) · R. R. Romasanta · N. V. Hung · P. Chivenge
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
e-mail: j.allen@irri.org; r.romasanta@irri.org; hung.nguyen@irri.org; p.chivenge@irri.org
K. S. Pascual
Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice), Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
M. Van Trinh
Institute of Agricultural Environment, Nam Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
T. Van Thach
Dinh Thanh Agricultural Research Center (DTARC), Loc Troi Group, Hoa Tan Hamlet,
Thoai Son District, An Giang, Vietnam
B. O. Sander
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
e-mail: b.sander@irri.org
© The Author(s) 2020
M. Gummert et al. (eds.), Sustainable Rice Straw Management,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32373-8_9
Chapter 9
Rice Straw Management Effects
on Greenhouse Gas Emissions
and Mitigation Options
Justin Allen, Kristine S. Pascual, Ryan R. Romasanta, Mai Van Trinh,
Tran Van Thach, Nguyen Van Hung, Bjoern Ole Sander,
and Pauline Chivenge
Abstract Lowland rice is a significant source of anthropogenic greenhouse gas
emissions (GHGEs) and the primary source of agricultural emissions for many
developing countries in Asia. At the same time, rice soils represent one of the largest
global soil organic carbon sinks. Straw management is a key factor in controlling
the emissions and mitigation potential of rice primarily by affecting methane (CH 4 )
from anaerobic decomposition and carbon losses from burning. Achieving climatesmart management of rice while also improving yields and farm profits, however, is
challenging due to economic-environmental trade-offs. This balance could be met
with appropriate site-specific practices. This chapter discusses these straw management practices that affect yield-scaled GHGEs and mitigation options in different
rice environments.
Keywords Greenhouse gas emissions · GHG · Mitigation · Rice straw
J. Allen (*) · R. R. Romasanta · N. V. Hung · P. Chivenge
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
e-mail: j.allen@irri.org; r.romasanta@irri.org; hung.nguyen@irri.org; p.chivenge@irri.org
K. S. Pascual
Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice), Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
M. Van Trinh
Institute of Agricultural Environment, Nam Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
T. Van Thach
Dinh Thanh Agricultural Research Center (DTARC), Loc Troi Group, Hoa Tan Hamlet,
Thoai Son District, An Giang, Vietnam
B. O. Sander
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
e-mail: b.sander@irri.org