139
increased rice yield where no mineral fertilizer was applied in the wet season
(Table 8.3). In the same study, they also observed positive effects of rice straw compost on physical soil properties including a lower penetration resistance compared
to where no compost was applied. In China, rice yield was greater with rice straw
incorporation than removal under conventional tillage where no nitrogen fertilizer
was added (Xu et al. 2010). A 3-year study conducted across three rice-growing
sites in Asia showed little or no benefit of incorporated rice or wheat straw for the
succeeding crop (Thuy et al. 2008). However, at a site in India the incorporation of
rice straw 20 days before sowing wheat without N fertilization significantly
decreased wheat yield but increased yield of rice that followed after wheat. In contrast, in East China incorporation of rice straw increased wheat yield by about 28%
compared to no straw control, but had no significant effects on rice yield (Zhang
et al. 2015).
Table 8.3 (continued)
Treatment
Rate
Kg
ha
−1
Location/
country
Seasons
a
Soil
description
Grain
yield
b
Mg
ha
−1
Source
No straw; no
additional NPK
Can
Tho –
Vietnam
4
Typic
Humaquept
3.79
c
Watanabe
et al. (2013)
Straw incorporated;
no additional NPK
6000
4.81
c
Straw incorporated +
NPK
(40,12,12 kg ha
−1
)
6000
6.06
c
Straw incorporated +
NPK
(60,18,18 kg ha
−1
)
6000
6.04
c
No straw; no NPK
Can
Tho –
Vietnam
4
4.19
d
Watanabe
et al. (2017)
Straw incorporated;
no NPK
6000
4.91
d
No straw + inorganic
40% NPK
5.33
d
Straw incorporated
+40% NPK
6000
5.95
d
No straw +60%
inorganic NPK
5.48
d
Straw incorporated
+60% NPK
6000
5.90
d
No straw +100%
NPK
4.94
d
a
Seasons means number of seasons; DS dry season; WS wet season; numbers without letters means
the season type is not specified
b Treatment means followed by the same lowercase letter within the same study are not significantly
different at p < 0.05
c
Average grain yield over four seasons from 2011 to 2013
d Average grain yield over four seasons from 2009 to 2011
8 Rice Straw Incorporation Influences Nutrient Cycling and Soil Organic Matter
increased rice yield where no mineral fertilizer was applied in the wet season
(Table 8.3). In the same study, they also observed positive effects of rice straw compost on physical soil properties including a lower penetration resistance compared
to where no compost was applied. In China, rice yield was greater with rice straw
incorporation than removal under conventional tillage where no nitrogen fertilizer
was added (Xu et al. 2010). A 3-year study conducted across three rice-growing
sites in Asia showed little or no benefit of incorporated rice or wheat straw for the
succeeding crop (Thuy et al. 2008). However, at a site in India the incorporation of
rice straw 20 days before sowing wheat without N fertilization significantly
decreased wheat yield but increased yield of rice that followed after wheat. In contrast, in East China incorporation of rice straw increased wheat yield by about 28%
compared to no straw control, but had no significant effects on rice yield (Zhang
et al. 2015).
Table 8.3 (continued)
Treatment
Rate
Kg
ha
−1
Location/
country
Seasons
a
Soil
description
Grain
yield
b
Mg
ha
−1
Source
No straw; no
additional NPK
Can
Tho –
Vietnam
4
Typic
Humaquept
3.79
c
Watanabe
et al. (2013)
Straw incorporated;
no additional NPK
6000
4.81
c
Straw incorporated +
NPK
(40,12,12 kg ha
−1
)
6000
6.06
c
Straw incorporated +
NPK
(60,18,18 kg ha
−1
)
6000
6.04
c
No straw; no NPK
Can
Tho –
Vietnam
4
4.19
d
Watanabe
et al. (2017)
Straw incorporated;
no NPK
6000
4.91
d
No straw + inorganic
40% NPK
5.33
d
Straw incorporated
+40% NPK
6000
5.95
d
No straw +60%
inorganic NPK
5.48
d
Straw incorporated
+60% NPK
6000
5.90
d
No straw +100%
NPK
4.94
d
a
Seasons means number of seasons; DS dry season; WS wet season; numbers without letters means
the season type is not specified
b Treatment means followed by the same lowercase letter within the same study are not significantly
different at p < 0.05
c
Average grain yield over four seasons from 2011 to 2013
d Average grain yield over four seasons from 2009 to 2011
8 Rice Straw Incorporation Influences Nutrient Cycling and Soil Organic Matter