need to consider behavioral changes when planning adaptation activities, which
implies a participatory approach involving appropriate stakeholders, particularly
the local communities. It also requires analysis of the current context of community
members’ behavior, for which knowledge of behavior theory and models is
essential.
14.5.3 Strengthening Human Behavior Elements
of Participatory Action Research
Participatory action research (PAR) is an approach to research in communities that
strongly recognizes the importance of participation and action. It seeks to understand the world by trying to change it, collaboratively and following reflection. This
approach appears consistent with research focusing on adaptation of agriculture to
meet challenges posed by climate change and enhance food security. However, to
increase the relevance of this approach specifically in the context of climate change,
adjustment of action research aspects is required, including research designs,
implementation of actions, data collection and analysis methods, reporting and
learning. In the research designs it is essential to include both biophysical and
behavioral components, and equal attention should be paid to activities that will
influence biophysical and behavior components during implementation of the
actions. The data used to evaluate success of adaptation research actions should
also include biophysical and behavioral indicators, or parameters. Thus, robust
conceptualization of the data collection and analysis procedures is required at the
start of the participatory action research to ensure that the collected data are
properly analyzed and reported, and that lessons are drawn for learning by the
PAR stakeholders and other scientific communities.
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes, 50, 179–211.
Bours, D., McGinn, C., & Pringle, P. (2013). Monitoring & evaluation for climate change
adaptation: A synthesis of tools, frameworks and approaches. Oxford: SEA Change CoP,
Phnom Penh and UKCIP.
CGIAR. (2011). CRP7 Proposal: Climate change, agriculture and food security. http://www.
cgiar.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/CRP7-Proposal-Final.pdf
Davies, R., & Dart, J. (2005). The ‘Most Significant Change’ (MSC) technique: A guide to its use.
http://www.mande.co.uk/docs/MSCGuide.pdf
14 Adaptation Processes in Agriculture and Food Security: Insights from. . .
267
implies a participatory approach involving appropriate stakeholders, particularly
the local communities. It also requires analysis of the current context of community
members’ behavior, for which knowledge of behavior theory and models is
essential.
14.5.3 Strengthening Human Behavior Elements
of Participatory Action Research
Participatory action research (PAR) is an approach to research in communities that
strongly recognizes the importance of participation and action. It seeks to understand the world by trying to change it, collaboratively and following reflection. This
approach appears consistent with research focusing on adaptation of agriculture to
meet challenges posed by climate change and enhance food security. However, to
increase the relevance of this approach specifically in the context of climate change,
adjustment of action research aspects is required, including research designs,
implementation of actions, data collection and analysis methods, reporting and
learning. In the research designs it is essential to include both biophysical and
behavioral components, and equal attention should be paid to activities that will
influence biophysical and behavior components during implementation of the
actions. The data used to evaluate success of adaptation research actions should
also include biophysical and behavioral indicators, or parameters. Thus, robust
conceptualization of the data collection and analysis procedures is required at the
start of the participatory action research to ensure that the collected data are
properly analyzed and reported, and that lessons are drawn for learning by the
PAR stakeholders and other scientific communities.
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes, 50, 179–211.
Bours, D., McGinn, C., & Pringle, P. (2013). Monitoring & evaluation for climate change
adaptation: A synthesis of tools, frameworks and approaches. Oxford: SEA Change CoP,
Phnom Penh and UKCIP.
CGIAR. (2011). CRP7 Proposal: Climate change, agriculture and food security. http://www.
cgiar.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/CRP7-Proposal-Final.pdf
Davies, R., & Dart, J. (2005). The ‘Most Significant Change’ (MSC) technique: A guide to its use.
http://www.mande.co.uk/docs/MSCGuide.pdf
14 Adaptation Processes in Agriculture and Food Security: Insights from. . .
267