income sources and the creation of savings mechanisms, although these were for
system maintenance. Financial capital, however, was also harmed by failures in the
DRE systems: during blackouts some lost refrigerated products or had to spend on
fossil fuels in order to avoid losing them. Physical capital was improved by the
introduction of the DRE infrastructure and other infrastructure that was enabled
through the DRE projects, such as roads. Human capital saw improvements at the
domestic, productive and communal levels. The DRE system enabled other services, such as better education and health, and created more unity among neighbors.
Lastly, social capital was impacted through the social acceptance of the projects,
especially in projects that had a strong communal participation component which,
in part, lead to robust governance structures that proved to be important for the DRE
projects to meet climate change adaptation goals.
11.8 Cross Cutting Factors
Factors including the centralized or decentralized nature of the technology or the
institutions, and governance and funding entities, can enable projects to meet their
stated goals, and therefore, to meet the triple objective. For the former, all projects
with a centralized infrastructure, with the exception of one project, had functional
governance structures. On the contrary, with the exception of one community, all
communities benefited with PV systems financially managed their systems individually and the governance structures set in place ceased functions relatively soon
after the installation of the systems. For the latter, the primary goals and objectives
of the donor and development entities and their interaction with the communities,
was key in promoting, or not, proper understanding and upkeep of the systems. This
Table 11.6 (continued)
Project
Change in supply
Change in infrastructure
Change in demand
phone charging, and
occasionally a black and
white TV)
Rio Bravo
From traditional biomass
to mini-hydroelectric
plant
Construction of the communal electricity grid,
public lighting, and
installation of internal
electric home connections
Use of household and
office appliances, and
implementation of productive use projects
Women’s
solar center
Project started with the
PV system
Internal electric installations in homes and the
solar center
Use of basic household
appliances (2 CFL’s,
radio, cell phone charging, and occasionally a
black and white TV).
The solar center powers
several computers,
printers and modem
206
D. Ley
system maintenance. Financial capital, however, was also harmed by failures in the
DRE systems: during blackouts some lost refrigerated products or had to spend on
fossil fuels in order to avoid losing them. Physical capital was improved by the
introduction of the DRE infrastructure and other infrastructure that was enabled
through the DRE projects, such as roads. Human capital saw improvements at the
domestic, productive and communal levels. The DRE system enabled other services, such as better education and health, and created more unity among neighbors.
Lastly, social capital was impacted through the social acceptance of the projects,
especially in projects that had a strong communal participation component which,
in part, lead to robust governance structures that proved to be important for the DRE
projects to meet climate change adaptation goals.
11.8 Cross Cutting Factors
Factors including the centralized or decentralized nature of the technology or the
institutions, and governance and funding entities, can enable projects to meet their
stated goals, and therefore, to meet the triple objective. For the former, all projects
with a centralized infrastructure, with the exception of one project, had functional
governance structures. On the contrary, with the exception of one community, all
communities benefited with PV systems financially managed their systems individually and the governance structures set in place ceased functions relatively soon
after the installation of the systems. For the latter, the primary goals and objectives
of the donor and development entities and their interaction with the communities,
was key in promoting, or not, proper understanding and upkeep of the systems. This
Table 11.6 (continued)
Project
Change in supply
Change in infrastructure
Change in demand
phone charging, and
occasionally a black and
white TV)
Rio Bravo
From traditional biomass
to mini-hydroelectric
plant
Construction of the communal electricity grid,
public lighting, and
installation of internal
electric home connections
Use of household and
office appliances, and
implementation of productive use projects
Women’s
solar center
Project started with the
PV system
Internal electric installations in homes and the
solar center
Use of basic household
appliances (2 CFL’s,
radio, cell phone charging, and occasionally a
black and white TV).
The solar center powers
several computers,
printers and modem
206
D. Ley