For example, a background that includes previous conflict and displacement of
populations can have an impact on trust, environmental degradation, and access to
resources, which also shape projects and need to be considered during project
planning and implementation. Environmental degradation can impact the renewable energy system design and dictate other activities that the users will need to
carry out for the system to continue working properly. A common example is
reforestation activities in the upper watersheds of small-scale hydro systems. The
implementation process of projects is another hypothesized driver. Pre-feasibility
studies must be conducted to determine if projects are technically and economically
feasible, and to highlight relevant social concerns. Having proper operation and
maintenance (O&M) plans will ensure that the system will continue working and
providing benefits after the donor and implementers are gone.
11.4 Analysis
11.4.1 Meeting the Triple Objectives
The results show that, under certain circumstances and design considerations,
renewable energy projects can simultaneously meet these three objectives, and
Table 11.4 Indicators and methodologies
Historical and environmental background of locations:
Previous conflict (for example, civil war)
Literature review and survey question (to who?)
History of extreme poverty/poverty
Literature review
Displaced populations
Literature review
Disenfranchisement due to language barriers Literature review
Governance structure:
Type of governance structure
Focus group and survey question to community
members
Existence of other community governance
structures
Focus group and survey question to community
members
Functionality and effectiveness
Focus group and survey question to community
members
Existence of internal rules and regulations
Focus group and survey question to community
members
Equitable access
Focus group and survey question to community
members
Funding sources and implementation process of project:
Funding sources of the project
Project implementer, project documents
Existence of pre-feasibility and feasibility
studies
Project implementer, project documents
Community socialization and training
process
Project implementer, project documents
Existence of O&M plan
Project implementer, project documents
Monitoring and evaluation
Project implementer, project documents
200
D. Ley
populations can have an impact on trust, environmental degradation, and access to
resources, which also shape projects and need to be considered during project
planning and implementation. Environmental degradation can impact the renewable energy system design and dictate other activities that the users will need to
carry out for the system to continue working properly. A common example is
reforestation activities in the upper watersheds of small-scale hydro systems. The
implementation process of projects is another hypothesized driver. Pre-feasibility
studies must be conducted to determine if projects are technically and economically
feasible, and to highlight relevant social concerns. Having proper operation and
maintenance (O&M) plans will ensure that the system will continue working and
providing benefits after the donor and implementers are gone.
11.4 Analysis
11.4.1 Meeting the Triple Objectives
The results show that, under certain circumstances and design considerations,
renewable energy projects can simultaneously meet these three objectives, and
Table 11.4 Indicators and methodologies
Historical and environmental background of locations:
Previous conflict (for example, civil war)
Literature review and survey question (to who?)
History of extreme poverty/poverty
Literature review
Displaced populations
Literature review
Disenfranchisement due to language barriers Literature review
Governance structure:
Type of governance structure
Focus group and survey question to community
members
Existence of other community governance
structures
Focus group and survey question to community
members
Functionality and effectiveness
Focus group and survey question to community
members
Existence of internal rules and regulations
Focus group and survey question to community
members
Equitable access
Focus group and survey question to community
members
Funding sources and implementation process of project:
Funding sources of the project
Project implementer, project documents
Existence of pre-feasibility and feasibility
studies
Project implementer, project documents
Community socialization and training
process
Project implementer, project documents
Existence of O&M plan
Project implementer, project documents
Monitoring and evaluation
Project implementer, project documents
200
D. Ley