141
Understanding which solution types societal actors have chosen to implement or
have proposed in SEPLS in different sub-regions and social-ecological contexts in
Asia gives us an understanding as to what might be the criteria for effectiveness
applied by societal actors. Sharing the knowledge of which solution types are preferred in different social-ecological contexts may help societal actors make better
informed decisions in weighing the appropriateness of different solutions in
SEPLS. The framework proposed here for analyzing solutions by type, scale, and
ecosystem can be done in a local context through a transdisciplinary approach to
help coalitions of actors take note of gaps and devise place-based sustainable use
and management approaches for conservation and restoration of BES in SEPLS.
Our results and findings are limited by the small number of cases available from
certain ecosystems such as drylands and the relative lack of cases in Satoumi
(coastal ecosystems). We were also limited by a lack of spatial data that could
inform the placement of solutions in mosaic ecosystems of SEPLS. Future studies
may seek to measure the performance and impact of different solutions and their
combinations, and to disaggregate the solutions by existing and proposed in further
analysis.
Acknowledgements We would like to thank Geetha Mohan at UNU-IAS and two anonymous
reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We thank the International
Satoyama Initiative and the Ministry of Environment Japan for their support of this work.
References
Aadrean UN (2017) Small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus) in Indonesian rice fields: latrine site
characteristics and visitation frequency. Ecol Res 32(6):899–908
Adhikari S (2011) Community forestry in Nepal. Case studies, International Partnership for the
Satoyama Initiative. https://satoyama-initiative.org/casestudies
Akça E, Takashi K, Sato T (2015) Development and success, for whom and where: the Central
Anatolian case. Land restoration: reclaiming landscapes for a sustainable future. Academic
Press, Oxford, pp 533–541
Amaruzaman S, Lusiana B, Leimona B, Tanika L, Hendrawan DC (2018) Strengthening smallholder resilience and improving ecosystem services provision in Indonesia: experience from
Buol District, Central Sulawesi. Case studies, International Partnership for the Satoyama
Initiative. https://satoyama-initiative.org/casestudies
Bélair C, Ichikawa K, Wong BYL, Mulongoy KJ (2010) Sustainable use of biological diversity in
socio-ecological production landscapes. Background to the Satoyama Initiative for the benefit
of biodiversity and human well-being. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,
Montreal. Technical Series no. 52, 184 pages
Berglund BE, Kitagawa J, Lageras P, Nakamura K, Sasaki N, Yasuda Y (2014) Traditional farming landscapes for sustainable living in Scandinavia and Japan: global revival through the
Satoyama Initiative. AMBIO 43:559–578
Bohnet IC, Beilin R (2015) Editorial: pathways towards sustainable landscapes. Sustain Sci
10:187–194
Burch S, Gupta A, Inoue CYA, Kalfagianni A, Persson A, Gerlak AK, Ishii A, Patterson J, Pickering
J, Scobie M, Van der Heijden J, Vervoort J, Adler C, Bloomfield M, Djalante R, Dryzek J, Galaz
V, Gordon C, Harmon R, Jinnah S, Kim RE, Olsson L, Van Leeuwen J, Ramasar V, Wapner
7 Place-Based Solutions for Conservation and Restoration of Social-Ecological…
Understanding which solution types societal actors have chosen to implement or
have proposed in SEPLS in different sub-regions and social-ecological contexts in
Asia gives us an understanding as to what might be the criteria for effectiveness
applied by societal actors. Sharing the knowledge of which solution types are preferred in different social-ecological contexts may help societal actors make better
informed decisions in weighing the appropriateness of different solutions in
SEPLS. The framework proposed here for analyzing solutions by type, scale, and
ecosystem can be done in a local context through a transdisciplinary approach to
help coalitions of actors take note of gaps and devise place-based sustainable use
and management approaches for conservation and restoration of BES in SEPLS.
Our results and findings are limited by the small number of cases available from
certain ecosystems such as drylands and the relative lack of cases in Satoumi
(coastal ecosystems). We were also limited by a lack of spatial data that could
inform the placement of solutions in mosaic ecosystems of SEPLS. Future studies
may seek to measure the performance and impact of different solutions and their
combinations, and to disaggregate the solutions by existing and proposed in further
analysis.
Acknowledgements We would like to thank Geetha Mohan at UNU-IAS and two anonymous
reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We thank the International
Satoyama Initiative and the Ministry of Environment Japan for their support of this work.
References
Aadrean UN (2017) Small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus) in Indonesian rice fields: latrine site
characteristics and visitation frequency. Ecol Res 32(6):899–908
Adhikari S (2011) Community forestry in Nepal. Case studies, International Partnership for the
Satoyama Initiative. https://satoyama-initiative.org/casestudies
Akça E, Takashi K, Sato T (2015) Development and success, for whom and where: the Central
Anatolian case. Land restoration: reclaiming landscapes for a sustainable future. Academic
Press, Oxford, pp 533–541
Amaruzaman S, Lusiana B, Leimona B, Tanika L, Hendrawan DC (2018) Strengthening smallholder resilience and improving ecosystem services provision in Indonesia: experience from
Buol District, Central Sulawesi. Case studies, International Partnership for the Satoyama
Initiative. https://satoyama-initiative.org/casestudies
Bélair C, Ichikawa K, Wong BYL, Mulongoy KJ (2010) Sustainable use of biological diversity in
socio-ecological production landscapes. Background to the Satoyama Initiative for the benefit
of biodiversity and human well-being. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,
Montreal. Technical Series no. 52, 184 pages
Berglund BE, Kitagawa J, Lageras P, Nakamura K, Sasaki N, Yasuda Y (2014) Traditional farming landscapes for sustainable living in Scandinavia and Japan: global revival through the
Satoyama Initiative. AMBIO 43:559–578
Bohnet IC, Beilin R (2015) Editorial: pathways towards sustainable landscapes. Sustain Sci
10:187–194
Burch S, Gupta A, Inoue CYA, Kalfagianni A, Persson A, Gerlak AK, Ishii A, Patterson J, Pickering
J, Scobie M, Van der Heijden J, Vervoort J, Adler C, Bloomfield M, Djalante R, Dryzek J, Galaz
V, Gordon C, Harmon R, Jinnah S, Kim RE, Olsson L, Van Leeuwen J, Ramasar V, Wapner
7 Place-Based Solutions for Conservation and Restoration of Social-Ecological…