248
11 The Self-Organizing Society
of different options, from which companies or regions could choose the most suitable
one.
42 This decision procedure would enable some degree of standardization while
also creating opportunities that fit local culture and needs. In other words the selforganization approach aims to create options rather than compromises for everyone.
This can harness the power of diversity, collective intelligence, and combinatorial
innovation, which will be the basis of successful digital societies in the twenty-first
century.
References
1. M. Maes and D. Helbing (2017) Random deviations improve micro-macro predictions: An
empirical test. Sociological Methods & Research 49(2), 387–417. Title of preprint: “Noise in
behavioral models can improve macro-predictions when micro-theories fail”.
2. D. Helbing and P. Mukerji, Crowd disasters as systemic failures: Analysis of the Love Parade
disaster, EPJ Data Science 1:7 (2012).
3. D. Helbing et al. FuturICT: Participatory computing to understand and manage our complex
world in a more sustainable and resilient way. Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 214, 11–39 (2012).
4. D. Helbing and W. Yu (2010) The future of social experimenting. Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences of the USA 107(12), 5265–5266.
5. D. Colander and R. Kupers, Complexity and the Art of Public Policy: Solving Society’s
Problems from the Bottom Up (Princeton University, 2014).
6. L. M. A. Bettencourt, J. Lobo, D. Helbing, C. Kühnert, and G. B. West (2007) Growth, innovation, scaling and the pace of life in cities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
USA (PNAS) 104, 7301–7306.
7. A. Washburn: The Nature of Urban Design (Island Press, Washington, 2013).
8. E. Ostrom, Beyond Markets and States: Polycentric Governance of Complex Economic
Systems, The American Economic Review 100(3), 641–672 (2010).
9. B.R. Barber, If Mayors Ruled the World: Dysfunctional Nations, Rising Cities (Yale, 2014).
10. Y.-A. de Montjoye, E. Shmueli, S.S. Wang, and A.S. Pentland, openPDS: Protecting the privacy
of metadata through SafeAnswers, PLoS ONE 9(7): e98790.
42 Today, it’s still common to impose one single standard on everyone, which creates locally unfit
solutions, inequality, and dissatisfaction.
11 The Self-Organizing Society
of different options, from which companies or regions could choose the most suitable
one.
42 This decision procedure would enable some degree of standardization while
also creating opportunities that fit local culture and needs. In other words the selforganization approach aims to create options rather than compromises for everyone.
This can harness the power of diversity, collective intelligence, and combinatorial
innovation, which will be the basis of successful digital societies in the twenty-first
century.
References
1. M. Maes and D. Helbing (2017) Random deviations improve micro-macro predictions: An
empirical test. Sociological Methods & Research 49(2), 387–417. Title of preprint: “Noise in
behavioral models can improve macro-predictions when micro-theories fail”.
2. D. Helbing and P. Mukerji, Crowd disasters as systemic failures: Analysis of the Love Parade
disaster, EPJ Data Science 1:7 (2012).
3. D. Helbing et al. FuturICT: Participatory computing to understand and manage our complex
world in a more sustainable and resilient way. Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 214, 11–39 (2012).
4. D. Helbing and W. Yu (2010) The future of social experimenting. Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences of the USA 107(12), 5265–5266.
5. D. Colander and R. Kupers, Complexity and the Art of Public Policy: Solving Society’s
Problems from the Bottom Up (Princeton University, 2014).
6. L. M. A. Bettencourt, J. Lobo, D. Helbing, C. Kühnert, and G. B. West (2007) Growth, innovation, scaling and the pace of life in cities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
USA (PNAS) 104, 7301–7306.
7. A. Washburn: The Nature of Urban Design (Island Press, Washington, 2013).
8. E. Ostrom, Beyond Markets and States: Polycentric Governance of Complex Economic
Systems, The American Economic Review 100(3), 641–672 (2010).
9. B.R. Barber, If Mayors Ruled the World: Dysfunctional Nations, Rising Cities (Yale, 2014).
10. Y.-A. de Montjoye, E. Shmueli, S.S. Wang, and A.S. Pentland, openPDS: Protecting the privacy
of metadata through SafeAnswers, PLoS ONE 9(7): e98790.
42 Today, it’s still common to impose one single standard on everyone, which creates locally unfit
solutions, inequality, and dissatisfaction.