24 Processed EEG as a Measure of Brain Activity During Anaesthesia
381
References
1. U.R. Acharya et al., Non-linear analysis of EEG signals at various sleep stages. Comput.
Methods Programs Biomed. 80(1) (2005)
2. A.J. Aho et al., Comparison of Bispectral Index and Entropy values with electroencephalogram
during surgical anaesthesia with sevoflurane. BJA 115(2) (2015)
3. O. Akeju et al., Effects of sevoflurane and propofol on frontal electroencephalogram power
and coherence. Anesthesiology 121(5) (2014)
4. M.T. Alkire, A.G. Hudetz, G. Tononi., Consciousness and anesthesia. Science 322(5903) (2008)
5. E.N. Brown, R. Lydic, N.D. Schiff., General anesthesia, sleep, and coma. N Engl. J. Med.
363(27) (2010)
6. J. Bruhn et al., Electroencephalogram approximate entropy correctly classifies the occurrence
of burst suppression pattern as increasing anesthetic drug effect. Anesthesiology 93(4) (2000)
7. J. Bruhn et al., Shannon entropy applied to the measurement of the electroencephalographic
effects of desflurane. Anesthesiology 95(1) (2001)
8. M.T. Chan et al., BIS-guided anesthesia decreases postoperative delirium and cognitive decline.
J. Neurosurg. Anesthesiol. 25(1) (2013)
9. S. Ching et al., Thalamocortical model for a propofol-induced alpha-rhythm associated with
loss of consciousness. PNAS 107(52) (2010)
10. A. Cimenser et al., Tracking brain states under general anesthesia by using global coherence
analysis. PNAS 108(21) (2011)
11. A. Ekman et al., Reduction in the incidence of awareness using BIS monitoring. Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. 48(1) (2004)
12. T. Elbert et al., Chaos and physiology: deterministic chaos in excitable cell assemblies. Physiol.
Rev. 74(1) (1994)
13. R.K. Ellerkmann et al., The correlation of the bispectral index with propofol effect site concentrations is not altered by epochs indicated as artefact-loaded by narcotrend. J. Clin. Monit.
Comput. 18(4) (2004)
14. J. Fell et al., Discrimination of sleep stages: a comparison between spectral and nonlinear EEG
measures. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 98(5) (1996)
15. R. Ferenets et al., Comparison of entropy and complexity measures for the assessment of depth
of sedation. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 53(6) (2006)
16. P.L. Gambús et al., Modeling the effect of propofol and remifentanil combinations for sedationanalgesia in endoscopic procedures using an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS).
Anesthesia & Analgesia 112(2) (2011)
17. T.J. Gan et al., Bispectral index monitoring allows faster emergence and improved recovery
from propofol, alfentanil, and nitrous oxide anesthesia. BIS Utility Study Group. Anesthesiology 87(4) (1997)
18. E.W. Jensen et al., Monitoring hypnotic effect and nociception with two EEG-derived indices,
qCON and qNOX, during general anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. 58(8) (2014)
19. E.W. Jensen et al., Validation of the qNOX Pain/Nociception Index for monitoring loss of
response to tetanic stimulation during general anaesthesia. Anesthesiology 119 (2013)
20. D. Jordan et al., EEG parameters and their combination as indicators of depth of anaesthesia.
Biomed. Tech. (Berl) 51(2) (2006)
21. M. Jospin et al., Detrended fluctuation analysis of EEG as a measure of depth of anesthesia.
IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 54(5) (2007)
22. L.A. Kearse et al., Bispectral analysis of the electroencephalogram during induction of anesthesia may predict hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation. Electroencephalogr.
Clin. Neurophysiol. 90(3) (1994)
23. T. Kirschstein, R. Kohling, What is the source of the EEG? Clin. EEG Neurosci. 40(3) (2009)
24. M. Koskinen et al., Monotonicity of approximate entropy during transition from awareness
to unresponsiveness due to propofol anesthetic induction. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 53(4)
(2006)
381
References
1. U.R. Acharya et al., Non-linear analysis of EEG signals at various sleep stages. Comput.
Methods Programs Biomed. 80(1) (2005)
2. A.J. Aho et al., Comparison of Bispectral Index and Entropy values with electroencephalogram
during surgical anaesthesia with sevoflurane. BJA 115(2) (2015)
3. O. Akeju et al., Effects of sevoflurane and propofol on frontal electroencephalogram power
and coherence. Anesthesiology 121(5) (2014)
4. M.T. Alkire, A.G. Hudetz, G. Tononi., Consciousness and anesthesia. Science 322(5903) (2008)
5. E.N. Brown, R. Lydic, N.D. Schiff., General anesthesia, sleep, and coma. N Engl. J. Med.
363(27) (2010)
6. J. Bruhn et al., Electroencephalogram approximate entropy correctly classifies the occurrence
of burst suppression pattern as increasing anesthetic drug effect. Anesthesiology 93(4) (2000)
7. J. Bruhn et al., Shannon entropy applied to the measurement of the electroencephalographic
effects of desflurane. Anesthesiology 95(1) (2001)
8. M.T. Chan et al., BIS-guided anesthesia decreases postoperative delirium and cognitive decline.
J. Neurosurg. Anesthesiol. 25(1) (2013)
9. S. Ching et al., Thalamocortical model for a propofol-induced alpha-rhythm associated with
loss of consciousness. PNAS 107(52) (2010)
10. A. Cimenser et al., Tracking brain states under general anesthesia by using global coherence
analysis. PNAS 108(21) (2011)
11. A. Ekman et al., Reduction in the incidence of awareness using BIS monitoring. Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. 48(1) (2004)
12. T. Elbert et al., Chaos and physiology: deterministic chaos in excitable cell assemblies. Physiol.
Rev. 74(1) (1994)
13. R.K. Ellerkmann et al., The correlation of the bispectral index with propofol effect site concentrations is not altered by epochs indicated as artefact-loaded by narcotrend. J. Clin. Monit.
Comput. 18(4) (2004)
14. J. Fell et al., Discrimination of sleep stages: a comparison between spectral and nonlinear EEG
measures. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 98(5) (1996)
15. R. Ferenets et al., Comparison of entropy and complexity measures for the assessment of depth
of sedation. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 53(6) (2006)
16. P.L. Gambús et al., Modeling the effect of propofol and remifentanil combinations for sedationanalgesia in endoscopic procedures using an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS).
Anesthesia & Analgesia 112(2) (2011)
17. T.J. Gan et al., Bispectral index monitoring allows faster emergence and improved recovery
from propofol, alfentanil, and nitrous oxide anesthesia. BIS Utility Study Group. Anesthesiology 87(4) (1997)
18. E.W. Jensen et al., Monitoring hypnotic effect and nociception with two EEG-derived indices,
qCON and qNOX, during general anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. 58(8) (2014)
19. E.W. Jensen et al., Validation of the qNOX Pain/Nociception Index for monitoring loss of
response to tetanic stimulation during general anaesthesia. Anesthesiology 119 (2013)
20. D. Jordan et al., EEG parameters and their combination as indicators of depth of anaesthesia.
Biomed. Tech. (Berl) 51(2) (2006)
21. M. Jospin et al., Detrended fluctuation analysis of EEG as a measure of depth of anesthesia.
IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 54(5) (2007)
22. L.A. Kearse et al., Bispectral analysis of the electroencephalogram during induction of anesthesia may predict hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation. Electroencephalogr.
Clin. Neurophysiol. 90(3) (1994)
23. T. Kirschstein, R. Kohling, What is the source of the EEG? Clin. EEG Neurosci. 40(3) (2009)
24. M. Koskinen et al., Monotonicity of approximate entropy during transition from awareness
to unresponsiveness due to propofol anesthetic induction. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 53(4)
(2006)