338
V. Vuksanovi´ c
21.5 Conclusion
Large-scale brain networks provide mathematical tools to assess functional and structural brain organisation upon simple network parcellation schemes and simplified
network dynamics. This approach has been successful at providing the different
functional and structural topologies of healthy and diseased brain [39, 66]. Here I
have provided a support for studies of cross-modal functional and anatomical (morphological) networks, which provide the opportunity to promote a basis for applying
a unified network approach that can be extended beyond current approaches. Implementation of the network strategies suggested here will test: (i) how modular architecture of functional network is mediated by structural configuration at the mesoand micro-scales, (ii) that is possible to provide the link of functional network organisation with the cytoarchitecture and (iii) that research in these network properties
will inform neurodegenerative models and treatments.
21.6 Glossary
Association Matrix:
A means of displaying the nodes of a network and the edges or
relationship between each pair of nodes
Anatomical MRI:
Single 3D volume of the brain, usually acquired as standard in
most MRI protocols by utilising so called T1-weighted acquisition
sequence
Functional MRI:
Specific 4D sequence sensitive to BOLD contrast reflecting hemodynamic response of neuronal activity. Reasonably high temporal
and good spatial resolution
Diffusion MRI:
Specific sequence using gradients to measure free water diffusion as
a surrogate measure of white matter tracts. Reconstruction of tracts
can be used to imply structural connectivity between brain regions,
albeit with some restrictions
Complex Network:
A network with non-trivial features, usually taken to refer to smallworld or scale-free topology
Connectome:
A term that describes the structural architecture of the brain that
guides the functional connections
Cost:
A measure of the connection density of a network; usually displayed
as a percentage of the maximum number of connections in a network;
theoretically related to the wiring length cost involved in forming
connections between nodes
Degree:
The number of connections a node has with other nodes in the network
Module:
A conglomeration of nodes that are more strongly connected to each
other than nodes outside the module, often defined using hierarchical
clustering algorithms
Resting-state:
Refers to the brains activity when not engaging in a task
V. Vuksanovi´ c
21.5 Conclusion
Large-scale brain networks provide mathematical tools to assess functional and structural brain organisation upon simple network parcellation schemes and simplified
network dynamics. This approach has been successful at providing the different
functional and structural topologies of healthy and diseased brain [39, 66]. Here I
have provided a support for studies of cross-modal functional and anatomical (morphological) networks, which provide the opportunity to promote a basis for applying
a unified network approach that can be extended beyond current approaches. Implementation of the network strategies suggested here will test: (i) how modular architecture of functional network is mediated by structural configuration at the mesoand micro-scales, (ii) that is possible to provide the link of functional network organisation with the cytoarchitecture and (iii) that research in these network properties
will inform neurodegenerative models and treatments.
21.6 Glossary
Association Matrix:
A means of displaying the nodes of a network and the edges or
relationship between each pair of nodes
Anatomical MRI:
Single 3D volume of the brain, usually acquired as standard in
most MRI protocols by utilising so called T1-weighted acquisition
sequence
Functional MRI:
Specific 4D sequence sensitive to BOLD contrast reflecting hemodynamic response of neuronal activity. Reasonably high temporal
and good spatial resolution
Diffusion MRI:
Specific sequence using gradients to measure free water diffusion as
a surrogate measure of white matter tracts. Reconstruction of tracts
can be used to imply structural connectivity between brain regions,
albeit with some restrictions
Complex Network:
A network with non-trivial features, usually taken to refer to smallworld or scale-free topology
Connectome:
A term that describes the structural architecture of the brain that
guides the functional connections
Cost:
A measure of the connection density of a network; usually displayed
as a percentage of the maximum number of connections in a network;
theoretically related to the wiring length cost involved in forming
connections between nodes
Degree:
The number of connections a node has with other nodes in the network
Module:
A conglomeration of nodes that are more strongly connected to each
other than nodes outside the module, often defined using hierarchical
clustering algorithms
Resting-state:
Refers to the brains activity when not engaging in a task