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density and extinction risk in the world’s carnivores. PLoS Biol 2:e197
Carrete M, Donázar JA, Margalida A (2006a) Density-dependent productivity depression in
Pyrenean bearded vultures: implications for conservation. Ecol Appl 15:1674–1682
Carrete M, Donázar JA, Margalida A, Bertran J (2006b) Linking ecology, behaviour and
conservation: does habitat saturation change mating system in bearded vultures? Biol Lett
2:624–627
Chamberlain CP, Waldbauer JR, Fox-Dobbs K, Newsome SD, Koch PL, Smith DR, Church ME
et al (2005) Pleistocene to recent dietary shifts in California condors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
102:16707–16711
Clarke AL, Sæther BE, Roskaft E (1997) Sex biases in avian dispersal: a reappraisal. Oikos
79:429–438
Clutton-Brock T, Sheldon BC (2010) The seven ages of Pan. Science 327:1207–1208
Clutton-Brock TH, Parker GA (1995) Punishment in animal societies. Nature 373:209–216
Cockburn A (1998) Evolution of helping behaviour in cooperative breeding birds. Annu Rev Ecol
Syst 29:141–177
Colomer MA, Margalida A, Sanuy D, Pérez-Jiménez MJ (2011) A bio-inspired computing model
as a new tool for modelling ecosystems: the avian scavengers as a case study. Ecol Model
222:34–47
Cortés-Avizanda A, Carrete M, Donázar JA (2010) Managing supplementary feeding for avian
scavengers: Guidelines for optimal design using ecological criteria. Biol Conserv 143:1707–1715
Cortés-Avizanda A, Blanco G, DeVault TL, Markandya A, Virani MZ, Brandt J, Donázar JA
(2016) Supplementary feeding and endangered species: benefits, caveats and controversies.
Front Ecol Environ 14:191–199
Creel S (2001) Social dominance and stress hormones. Trends Ecol Evol 16:491–497
Davies NB, Hartley IR (1996) Food patchiness, territory overlap and social systems: an experiment
with dunnocks Prunella modularis. J Anim Ecol 65:837–846
Del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (1994) Handbook of the birds of the world, vol 2. New world
vultures to guineafowl. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona
Dhondt AA, Schillemans J (1983) Reproductive success of the great tit in relation to its territorial
status. Anim Behav 31:902–912
Donázar JA, Hiraldo F, Bustamante J (1993) Factors influencing nest site selection, breeding
density and breeding success in the bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus). J Appl Ecol 30:504–
514
Donázar JA, Margalida A, Campión D (2009a) Vultures, feeding stations and sanitary legislation:
a conflict and its consequences from the perspective of conservation biology. Munibe 29,
Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi, San Sebastián
Donázar JA, Margalida A, Carrete M, Sánchez-Zapata JA (2009b) Too sanitary for vultures.
Science 326:664
Donázar JA, Cortés-Avizanda A, Carrete M (2010) Dietary shifts in two vultures after the demise
of supplementary feeding stations: consequences of the EU sanitary legislation. Eur J Wildl
Res 56:613–621
Donázar JA, Cortés-Avizanda A, Fargallo JA, Margalida A, Moleón M, Morales-Reyes Z,
Moreno-Opo R et al (2016) Roles of raptors in a changing world: from flagships to providers of
key ecosystem services. Ardeola 63:181–235
Emlen ST (1991) The evolution of helping I. An ecological constraints model. Am Nat 119:29–39
Emlen ST, Reeve HK, Sherman PW, Wrege PH, Ratnieks FLW, Shelman-Reeve J (1991)
Adaptive vs nonadaptive explanations of behavior: the case of alloparental helping. Am Nat
138:259–270
Fielding AH, Haworth PF (1995) Testing the generality of bird-habitat models. Conserv Biol
9:1466–1481
15 Importance of Long-Term Studies to Conservation …
377
71:513–523
Cardillo M, Purvis A, Sechrest W, Gittleman JL, Bielby J, Mace GM (2004) Human population
density and extinction risk in the world’s carnivores. PLoS Biol 2:e197
Carrete M, Donázar JA, Margalida A (2006a) Density-dependent productivity depression in
Pyrenean bearded vultures: implications for conservation. Ecol Appl 15:1674–1682
Carrete M, Donázar JA, Margalida A, Bertran J (2006b) Linking ecology, behaviour and
conservation: does habitat saturation change mating system in bearded vultures? Biol Lett
2:624–627
Chamberlain CP, Waldbauer JR, Fox-Dobbs K, Newsome SD, Koch PL, Smith DR, Church ME
et al (2005) Pleistocene to recent dietary shifts in California condors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
102:16707–16711
Clarke AL, Sæther BE, Roskaft E (1997) Sex biases in avian dispersal: a reappraisal. Oikos
79:429–438
Clutton-Brock T, Sheldon BC (2010) The seven ages of Pan. Science 327:1207–1208
Clutton-Brock TH, Parker GA (1995) Punishment in animal societies. Nature 373:209–216
Cockburn A (1998) Evolution of helping behaviour in cooperative breeding birds. Annu Rev Ecol
Syst 29:141–177
Colomer MA, Margalida A, Sanuy D, Pérez-Jiménez MJ (2011) A bio-inspired computing model
as a new tool for modelling ecosystems: the avian scavengers as a case study. Ecol Model
222:34–47
Cortés-Avizanda A, Carrete M, Donázar JA (2010) Managing supplementary feeding for avian
scavengers: Guidelines for optimal design using ecological criteria. Biol Conserv 143:1707–1715
Cortés-Avizanda A, Blanco G, DeVault TL, Markandya A, Virani MZ, Brandt J, Donázar JA
(2016) Supplementary feeding and endangered species: benefits, caveats and controversies.
Front Ecol Environ 14:191–199
Creel S (2001) Social dominance and stress hormones. Trends Ecol Evol 16:491–497
Davies NB, Hartley IR (1996) Food patchiness, territory overlap and social systems: an experiment
with dunnocks Prunella modularis. J Anim Ecol 65:837–846
Del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (1994) Handbook of the birds of the world, vol 2. New world
vultures to guineafowl. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona
Dhondt AA, Schillemans J (1983) Reproductive success of the great tit in relation to its territorial
status. Anim Behav 31:902–912
Donázar JA, Hiraldo F, Bustamante J (1993) Factors influencing nest site selection, breeding
density and breeding success in the bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus). J Appl Ecol 30:504–
514
Donázar JA, Margalida A, Campión D (2009a) Vultures, feeding stations and sanitary legislation:
a conflict and its consequences from the perspective of conservation biology. Munibe 29,
Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi, San Sebastián
Donázar JA, Margalida A, Carrete M, Sánchez-Zapata JA (2009b) Too sanitary for vultures.
Science 326:664
Donázar JA, Cortés-Avizanda A, Carrete M (2010) Dietary shifts in two vultures after the demise
of supplementary feeding stations: consequences of the EU sanitary legislation. Eur J Wildl
Res 56:613–621
Donázar JA, Cortés-Avizanda A, Fargallo JA, Margalida A, Moleón M, Morales-Reyes Z,
Moreno-Opo R et al (2016) Roles of raptors in a changing world: from flagships to providers of
key ecosystem services. Ardeola 63:181–235
Emlen ST (1991) The evolution of helping I. An ecological constraints model. Am Nat 119:29–39
Emlen ST, Reeve HK, Sherman PW, Wrege PH, Ratnieks FLW, Shelman-Reeve J (1991)
Adaptive vs nonadaptive explanations of behavior: the case of alloparental helping. Am Nat
138:259–270
Fielding AH, Haworth PF (1995) Testing the generality of bird-habitat models. Conserv Biol
9:1466–1481
15 Importance of Long-Term Studies to Conservation …
377