460
S. Arthanari et al.
microstructures and re-distributed second phases. These structures are favorable for
enhancing the mechanical properties, and also the chemical stability in the physiological medium. Enhancement of surface chemical stability is particularly important for the degradable implant materials to control the degradation rate; thus, laser
processing could be advantageous. The micro/nano textures produced on the implant
surface varied the wettability due to the variation in the surface roughness and chemical composition. The variation in laser processing parameters such as laser power,
scan speed, pulse duration, etc. are mainly responsible for the surface pattern formation and their chemical composition. These, in turn, affect the cell attachment and
differentiation phenomenon, however, the role of each of the parameters is not well
understood yet. The hydrophobic surfaces show tendencies to attract hydrophobic
bacteria and vice versa. Therefore, designing surface wettability would significantly
alter the anti-bacterial properties. The direct laser treatments on Ti-based alloys
produce LIPSS and in particular, the control of laser parameters results in nanostructures with various ripple size and nanoparticle distribution. These periodic surfaces
confine the local electromagnetic wave through surface plasma polaritons and able
to enhance the signal of biomolecules adhered to the surface and therefore, used in
SERS and fluorescence imaging applications.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (51875313 and 51705013), National Key Research and Development Program of China
(2018YFB1107400, 2018YFB1107700, and 2016YFB1102503). The help extended by Mr. Wang
Peng to prepare the schematic representations are acknowledged.
References
1. Kim K-H, Ramaswamy N (2009) Electrochemical surface modification of titanium in dentistry.
Dent Mater J 28(1):20–36. https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.28.20
2. Li B, Ma J, Wang D, Liu X, Li H, Zhou L, Liang C, Wang H (2019) Self-adjusting antibacterial
properties of Ag-incorporated nanotubes on micro-nanostructured Ti surfaces. Biomater Sci
7(10):4075–4087. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9bm00862d
3. Mello DCR, de Oliveira JR, Cairo CAA, Ramos LSB, Vegian M, de Vasconcellos LGO, de
Oliveira FE, de Oliveira LD, de Vasconcellos LMR (2019) Titanium alloys: in vitro biological
analyzes on biofilm formation, biocompatibility, cell differentiation to induce bone formation,
and immunological response. J Mater Sci - Mater Med 30(9):108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10
856-019-6310-2
4. Chen P, Aso T, Sasaki R, Ashida M, Tsutsumi Y, Doi H, Hanawa T (2018) Adhesion and differentiation behaviors of mesenchymal stem cells on titanium with micrometer and nanometerscale grid patterns produced by femtosecond laser irradiation. Journal of Biomedical Materials
Research Part A 106 (10):2735–2743. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.36503
5. Lutey AHA, Gemini L, Romoli L, Lazzini G, Fuso F, Faucon M, Kling R (2018) Towards
Laser-Textured Antibacterial Surfaces. Sci Rep 8(1):10112. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598018-28454-2
6. Sardar S, Fabris L, Javanmard M (2019) Improved Precision in Surface-Enhanced Raman
Scattering Quantification of Analyte through Dual-Modality Multisite Sensing. Anal Chem
91(7):4323–4330. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02559
S. Arthanari et al.
microstructures and re-distributed second phases. These structures are favorable for
enhancing the mechanical properties, and also the chemical stability in the physiological medium. Enhancement of surface chemical stability is particularly important for the degradable implant materials to control the degradation rate; thus, laser
processing could be advantageous. The micro/nano textures produced on the implant
surface varied the wettability due to the variation in the surface roughness and chemical composition. The variation in laser processing parameters such as laser power,
scan speed, pulse duration, etc. are mainly responsible for the surface pattern formation and their chemical composition. These, in turn, affect the cell attachment and
differentiation phenomenon, however, the role of each of the parameters is not well
understood yet. The hydrophobic surfaces show tendencies to attract hydrophobic
bacteria and vice versa. Therefore, designing surface wettability would significantly
alter the anti-bacterial properties. The direct laser treatments on Ti-based alloys
produce LIPSS and in particular, the control of laser parameters results in nanostructures with various ripple size and nanoparticle distribution. These periodic surfaces
confine the local electromagnetic wave through surface plasma polaritons and able
to enhance the signal of biomolecules adhered to the surface and therefore, used in
SERS and fluorescence imaging applications.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (51875313 and 51705013), National Key Research and Development Program of China
(2018YFB1107400, 2018YFB1107700, and 2016YFB1102503). The help extended by Mr. Wang
Peng to prepare the schematic representations are acknowledged.
References
1. Kim K-H, Ramaswamy N (2009) Electrochemical surface modification of titanium in dentistry.
Dent Mater J 28(1):20–36. https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.28.20
2. Li B, Ma J, Wang D, Liu X, Li H, Zhou L, Liang C, Wang H (2019) Self-adjusting antibacterial
properties of Ag-incorporated nanotubes on micro-nanostructured Ti surfaces. Biomater Sci
7(10):4075–4087. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9bm00862d
3. Mello DCR, de Oliveira JR, Cairo CAA, Ramos LSB, Vegian M, de Vasconcellos LGO, de
Oliveira FE, de Oliveira LD, de Vasconcellos LMR (2019) Titanium alloys: in vitro biological
analyzes on biofilm formation, biocompatibility, cell differentiation to induce bone formation,
and immunological response. J Mater Sci - Mater Med 30(9):108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10
856-019-6310-2
4. Chen P, Aso T, Sasaki R, Ashida M, Tsutsumi Y, Doi H, Hanawa T (2018) Adhesion and differentiation behaviors of mesenchymal stem cells on titanium with micrometer and nanometerscale grid patterns produced by femtosecond laser irradiation. Journal of Biomedical Materials
Research Part A 106 (10):2735–2743. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.36503
5. Lutey AHA, Gemini L, Romoli L, Lazzini G, Fuso F, Faucon M, Kling R (2018) Towards
Laser-Textured Antibacterial Surfaces. Sci Rep 8(1):10112. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598018-28454-2
6. Sardar S, Fabris L, Javanmard M (2019) Improved Precision in Surface-Enhanced Raman
Scattering Quantification of Analyte through Dual-Modality Multisite Sensing. Anal Chem
91(7):4323–4330. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02559